ABA Fundamentals

A multiple-schedule evaluation of immediate and subsequent effects of fixed-time food presentation on automatically maintained mouthing.

Simmons et al. (2003) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2003
★ The Verdict

Free bites on a timer can slam the brakes on mouth play and the hush lingers.

✓ Read this if BCBAs treating automatically reinforced mouthing in home or school.
✗ Skip if Clinicians whose clients eat by tube or have no mouth play.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team set up a multiple schedule with a child who kept putting objects in their mouth.

Every few minutes the child got a bite of food no matter what they were doing.

They watched if the free food would stop the mouthing right away and also later when the food stopped.

02

What they found

Mouthing dropped the moment the food arrived.

The drop lasted even when food stopped, like a quiet carry-over effect.

Fixed-time snacks worked both now and next.

03

How this fits with other research

Edwards et al. (1970) saw only tiny drops with rats pressing levers for food.

Neef et al. (1978) got clear drops with pigeons pecking keys.

The new study shows the same idea works fast with a child’s own body play, closing the lab-to-clinic gap.

04

Why it matters

You can use a kitchen timer and small bites to cut sensory mouthing without blocking or saying “no.” Try 30-second intervals first, then stretch the time. Watch for the quiet minutes that follow—those are bonus gains you did not have to reinforce by hand.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Set a 30-s timer, give one Cheerio each beep, and tally if mouthing stays low after you stop.

02At a glance

Intervention
noncontingent reinforcement
Design
single case other
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate and subsequent effects of fixed-time (FT) food presentations on mouthing. The effects of FT food presentations were analyzed within a three-component multiple schedule in which baseline conditions were implemented during the first and third components and treatment conditions were implemented during the second component. Results indicated that FT food reduced mouthing and that levels of mouthing during post-FT components were reliably lower than pre-FT components. Behavioral mechanisms responsible for treatment effects are discussed.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2003 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2003.36-541