This comparison draws in part from “Ethical Advocacy Tricare Update” (CASP CEU Center), and extends it with peer-reviewed research from our library of 27,900+ ABA research articles. The decision framework, BACB ethics code references, and cross-links below are synthesized by Behaviorist Book Club.
View the original presentation →When funding source policy changes threaten client access to ABA services, behavior analysts must choose how to direct their advocacy efforts. Individual client advocacy focuses on securing the best possible outcome for each specific client through authorization requests, appeals, and exception processes. Systemic policy advocacy targets the policy itself, seeking to modify or reverse changes that affect broader populations. Both approaches are ethically supported under the BACB Ethics Code (2022), and both have distinct advantages and limitations. Understanding these differences helps behavior analysts develop comprehensive advocacy strategies that address both immediate client needs and long-term systemic change.
| Factor | Evidence-Based Approach | Traditional Approach |
|---|---|---|
| Scope of Impact | Individual client advocacy affects one client's services at a time, providing targeted relief | Systemic advocacy can affect entire populations of clients simultaneously when successful |
| Timeline | Individual advocacy can produce relatively quick results through appeals and exception processes | Systemic advocacy typically requires months or years to produce meaningful policy changes |
| Skill Requirements | Requires clinical documentation skills, knowledge of authorization and appeals processes | Requires policy analysis skills, coalition building, public communication, and legislative awareness |
| Ethical Alignment | Directly supports Code 2.01 and Code 2.15 through individualized client protection | Directly supports Code 2.16 through broad advocacy for access to services |
| Resource Demands | Can be integrated into existing clinical workflow though it consumes clinician time | Often requires dedicated time outside clinical hours and coordination with organizations |
| Risk Profile | Low risk to the practitioner as it operates within established funding source processes | Moderate risk as public advocacy positions may create professional visibility and scrutiny |
| Sustainability | Must be repeated for each client and each policy cycle, creating ongoing workload | Successful systemic change can provide lasting benefit without repeated individual effort |
The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ on-demand CEUs including ethics, supervision, and clinical topics like this one. Plus a new live CEU every Wednesday.
Use this framework when approaching ethical advocacy tricare update in your practice:
Does the data support a need for intervention? Is there a meaningful impact on the individual's quality of life, safety, or access to reinforcement?
YES → Proceed to assessment NO → Document reasoning, monitor
A functional assessment should guide intervention selection. Avoid defaulting to standard protocols without individual analysis. Consider environmental variables, setting events, and private events.
YES → Select evidence-based approach matched to function NO → Complete assessment first
Goals should be co-developed. Assent and informed consent are ethical requirements. The individual's preferences and values matter in selecting both goals and methods.
YES → Proceed with collaborative plan NO → Engage in shared decision-making
This course covers the clinical and ethical dimensions in detail with structured learning objectives and CEU credit.
Ethical Advocacy Tricare Update — CASP CEU Center · 1 BACB Ethics CEUs · $
Take This Course →We extended this decision guide with research from our library — dig into the peer-reviewed studies behind each approach, in plain-English summaries written for BCBAs.
279 research articles with practitioner takeaways
252 research articles with practitioner takeaways
239 research articles with practitioner takeaways
1 BACB Ethics CEUs · $ · CASP CEU Center
Research-backed educational guide
Research-backed answers for behavior analysts
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All behavior-analytic intervention is individualized. The information on this page is for educational purposes and does not constitute clinical advice. Treatment decisions should be informed by the best available published research, individualized assessment, and obtained with the informed consent of the client or their legal guardian. Behavior analysts are responsible for practicing within the boundaries of their competence and adhering to the BACB Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts.