Service Delivery

The home point system: token reinforcement procedures for application by parents of children with behavior problems.

Christophersen et al. (1972) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1972
★ The Verdict

A one-hour parent training plus pocket change can slash chore refusal and sibling fights at home.

✓ Read this if BCBAs coaching families of 5- to 10-year-olds with mild behavior issues.
✗ Skip if Teams serving teens or adults who need complex self-management plans.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two families learned a home point system in one short meeting.

Parents earned points for their 5- to 10-year-olds by handing out plastic chips.

Kids traded chips later for TV time, snacks, or bike rides.

The study tracked 21 everyday behaviors like clearing dishes and sharing toys.

02

What they found

Parents said chore refusal and sibling bickering dropped sharply.

The simple chip system worked without extra staff or fancy gear.

Families kept the program running on their own after the study ended.

03

How this fits with other research

Regnier et al. (2022) later showed you must plan for the day tokens stop.

They found thinning the chip schedule and adding praise keeps gains alive.

Kaiser et al. (2022) proved tokens also rock in K-5 classrooms.

Their meta-analysis found large effects, but you must tweak backup prizes for general vs. special ed.

Andzik et al. (2022) added a twist: give a quick break for problem behavior and a chip for work.

This cut escape behavior without extinction, showing parents can be softer yet still effective.

04

Why it matters

You can teach any parent to run a token economy in under an hour.

Use cheap items like pennies or stickers.

Pick three target behaviors and five backup prizes the child already loves.

Plan to fade chips to praise once behavior holds steady.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Hand the parent a zip-bag of 20 poker chips, list three target behaviors, and set a 5-chip exchange for 15 min of screen time.

02At a glance

Intervention
token economy
Design
case series
Sample size
5
Population
not specified
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

Parent-child problems within the home are frequently reported to be instances in which children refuse to help with household chores, bicker among themselves, or engage in verbally inappropriate behavior toward their parents. The present study investigated the effects of a token reinforcement program administered by the parents in ameliorating these problems. Two sets of parents, with a total of five children between the ages of 5 and 10 yr, were taught to administer a token economy within their homes. The parents received instruction in specifying desired social and chore behaviors, communicated these behavioral goals to their children, recorded data on their occurrence, and managed a point system backed with reinforcers normally found in the home. The token reinforcement program was shown to have successfully modified 15 problem behaviors in Family 1 and six in Family 2. In addition, the parents rated all 21 behavior changes as significant improvements. These studies indicated that some cooperative parents need only a small amount of professional help to learn to manage their children's behavior problems with token reinforcement procedures.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1972 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1972.5-485