Service Delivery

Telehealth mask wearing training for children with autism during the <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 pandemic

Sivaraman et al. (2021) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2021
★ The Verdict

Zoom coaching with baby steps and stickers gets mask-refusing autistic kids to wear one for ten minutes straight.

✓ Read this if BCBAs doing parent training or safety-skill programs for young autistic clients.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only see clients in-person and never use telehealth.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team coached parents through Zoom to teach their autistic kids to wear a mask.

They used baby steps: first hold the mask, then touch it to the face, then wear it for a few seconds.

Parents gave stickers and praise for each small win until the child kept the mask on alone for ten minutes.

02

What they found

All six children who once screamed, hit, or ran from masks learned to wear one with no tears.

Kids still wore the mask later at the store and on the bus, and no one’s breathing or heart rate spiked.

03

How this fits with other research

Cihon et al. (2022) ran a similar Zoom coaching plan and also saw fast gains, but they taught conversation skills instead of mask wearing.

Knopp et al. (2023) compared Zoom to in-home teaching and found both worked the same for learning labels; Sivaraman adds another win for telehealth when the goal is tolerance, not just words.

Shawler et al. (2021) moved the whole telehealth model to adults with developmental disabilities, showing parents can run full behavior plans from home no matter the age.

04

Why it matters

You can add mask training to your telehealth menu today. Coach parents to break the task into tiny steps, reward every success, and practice daily for five minutes. No extra gear is needed—just a mask, some stickers, and a screen.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Pick one mask-averse client, make a 5-step shaping plan, and teach the parent to deliver praise and tiny edibles after each step during your next video call.

02At a glance

Intervention
behavioral skills training
Design
single case other
Sample size
6
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

SARS‐CoV‐2 is the virus causing COVID‐19 and is spread through close person‐to‐person contact. The use of face masks has been described as an important strategy to slow its transmission. We evaluated the effects of coaching caregivers via telehealth technologies to teach face mask wearing to children with autism spectrum disorder. Six participants with a history of challenging behavior associated with mask wearing were recruited from different parts of the world, and trained using graduated exposure, shaping, and contingent reinforcement. By the end of the intervention, all participants wore a face mask for a period of 10 min without exhibiting challenging behavior. The skills generalized to a novel mask or a community setting. Mask wearing did not affect the percentage of oxyhemoglobin saturation of participants, and caregivers found the intervention useful. The findings support previous tolerance training treatment evaluations in children with developmental disorders exhibiting resistance to healthcare routines.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2021 · doi:10.1002/jaba.802