Service Delivery

COVID-19 and Physical Activity Behaviour in People with Neurological Diseases: A Systematic Review.

Abasıyanık et al. (2022) · Journal of developmental and physical disabilities 2022
★ The Verdict

COVID-19 lockdowns cut physical activity in people with neurological diseases, worsening symptoms and mood—have a remote-movement plan ready.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving adults or children with dementia, Parkinson’s, stroke, or TBI in clinic, day-program, or home settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only treat typically developing athletes without neurological diagnoses.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Zuhal et al. (2022) looked at 14 studies about people with neurological diseases during COVID-19. They wanted to know if lockdowns changed how much people moved each day.

The studies covered dementia, Parkinson’s, stroke, and other brain conditions. Together they included 7,662 participants.

02

What they found

Every study showed the same thing: physical activity dropped. Less walking, less therapy, less exercise.

When activity went down, symptoms got worse. People also felt more depressed and anxious.

03

How this fits with other research

The drop lines up with what Pittas et al. (2023) saw in students with special needs. They found homework and IEP goals also slipped during lockdowns.

Jung-He et al. (2025) give hope. Kids who kept getting ABA kept small gains in social and daily skills. The message: keep services running, even from a distance.

Before COVID, Ku et al. (2020) showed that when parents join in, kids move more. Zuhal’s review warns we lost that boost when programs closed.

04

Why it matters

Less movement means more falls, faster decline, and sharper mood drops in clients with neurological diagnoses. Build backup plans now: home exercise menus, parent-led walking schedules, or short video sessions. If clinics shut again, you can hand families a ready kit and keep skills alive.

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Email each client a 10-minute daily movement menu (sit-to-stand, hallway walk, arm circles) and add it to the behavior-plan data sheet.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
systematic review
Sample size
7662
Population
dementia, other
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

UNLABELLED: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a radical lifestyle change, which may unintendedly change physical activity levels. We aimed to perform a systematic review to investigate the physical activity changes in people with neurological diseases, and to examine the relationship between physical activity and disease symptoms, and psychosocial factors. The review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A systematic search of the literature across five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library) was carried out using the keywords relating to COVID-19, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, exercise, and the name of the neurological diseases. The systematic search was updated on 4 February 2021 with the same keywords. Fourteen studies (n = 7662 persons with neurological diseases, n = 1663 healthy controls) were eligible for this review. The study populations were Parkinson disease (n = 7), dementia (n = 1), multiple sclerosis (n = 1), spinal cord injury (n = 1), hereditary spastic paraplegia (n = 1), neuromuscular diseases (n = 1), Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy (n = 1), and epilepsy (n = 1). Thirteen studies reported a decreased physical activity level, one study reported a high interruption rate of physiotherapy/rehabilitation. Furthermore, the physical activity reduction was associated with worse disease symptoms, depression, perceived health, and mental and physical components of quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the physical activity levels of people with neurological diseases, and this change was related to the worsening of disease symptoms and psychosocial factors. Registration number A protocol of the review was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42020207676). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10882-022-09836-x.

Journal of developmental and physical disabilities, 2022 · doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2020.05.006