Research Cluster

Community Inclusion for People With IDD

This cluster shows how to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities live, work, and have fun in their own neighborhoods. It tells us that small programs already work, but we need bigger plans, real-life data, and teamwork with self-advocates and families. BCBAs can use these ideas to teach social and daily-living skills that matter in grocery stores, parks, and jobs—not just in clinics. When we measure true community participation, services become more useful, respectful, and fair for everyone.

84articles
1987–2025year range
5key findings
Key Findings

What 84 articles tell us

  1. Nearly half of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the United States want more participation in community groups and activities.
  2. People with IDD from racially and culturally minoritized groups face documented disparities in housing and long-term support services.
  3. People with intellectual and developmental disabilities are overrepresented in criminal justice settings both as victims and as people accused of offenses.
  4. The shared citizenship paradigm, which treats people with IDD as equal participants with full rights, is gaining international adoption and can guide service design.
  5. Food insecurity affects a large portion of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the United States and links to worse health and more challenging behavior.
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Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions from BCBAs and RBTs

It looks like participating in regular neighborhood activities alongside peers without disabilities, not just attending segregated programs. Goals should target real places like stores, parks, clubs, and workplaces.

Ask directly about food security, housing, and access to supports. Document gaps you observe and raise them in planning meetings. Advocate for culturally responsive services and make sure your own practice is inclusive.

It is a framework that treats people with intellectual and developmental disabilities as equal community members with full rights. It shifts how services are designed, from focusing on deficits to focusing on rights and participation.

Use plain-language materials, offer visuals and multiple ways to respond, and create space for self-advocates to lead conversations. Research shows that people with IDD want their own voices heard over proxy reports from families or staff.

They are more likely to be victims of crime and also more likely to be arrested without understanding their rights. Better community support, legal protections, and diversion programs are needed to address this gap.