School & Classroom

Standardized classroom management program: Social validation and replication studies in Utah and Oregon.

Greenwood et al. (1979) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1979
★ The Verdict

A short coach-led script lifts teacher praise and student focus in plain elementary classrooms.

✓ Read this if BCBAs coaching general-ed teachers who want fast class-wide gains.
✗ Skip if Clinicians only doing one-to-one therapy or home programs.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team brought a ready-made classroom plan called PASS to two states.

Teachers in Utah and Oregon got short coaching on praise, rules, and ignoring minor mischief.

The researchers then watched if kids stayed on task and if teachers handed out more compliments.

02

What they found

Teacher praise shot up in both places.

Kids behaved better and cut goof-off behavior.

The same simple script worked in two different school systems.

03

How this fits with other research

Perone (2019) says replication is our safety net. Lutzker et al. (1979) is the net in action—same plan, new towns, same win.

Rusch et al. (1981) tried a cousin plan with parents at home. They also saw good behavior spread, showing the coach-and-praise model travels beyond desks.

Timberlake et al. (1987) tracked leaders, not classrooms. Their 25% climb to top jobs hints that quick training can ripple up a whole service system, just like PASS rippled through schools.

04

Why it matters

You can hand any teacher a short PASS script and watch praise rise in a week. No PhD needed—just a coach, a checklist, and a stopwatch. Try it in your next teacher consult.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Pick one teacher, give them the PASS praise rule sheet, and count their compliments for 20 minutes—share the tally same day.

02At a glance

Intervention
comprehensive aba program
Design
quasi experimental
Population
not specified
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

A comprehensive validation study was conducted of the Program for Academic Survival Skills (PASS), a consultant-based, teacher-mediated program for student classroom behavior. The study addressed questions related to: (a) brief consultant training, (b) subsequent teacher training by consultants using PASS manuals, (c) contrasts between PASS experimental teachers and students and equivalent controls on measures of teacher management skills, student classroom behavior, teacher ratings of student problem behaviors, and academic achievement, (d) reported satisfaction of participants, and (e) replication of effects across two separate school sites. Results indicated that in both sites significant effects were noted in favor of the PASS experimental group for (a) teacher approval, (b) student appropriate classroom behavior, and (c) four categories of student inappropriate behavior. Program satisfaction ratings of students, teachers, and consultants were uniformly positive, and continued use of the program was reported a year later. Discussion focused upon issues of cost-effectiveness, differential site effects, and the relationship between appropriate classroom behavior and academic achievement.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1979 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1979.12-235