Reading-related behavior in an open classroom: effects of novelty and modelling on preschoolers.
An adult reading aloud for a few minutes can double or triple preschoolers’ spontaneous book use.
01Research in Context
What this study did
The team watched preschoolers in an open classroom. They wanted to know if an adult simply reading aloud would make kids pick up books more often.
First they counted how often children touched books with no special events. Then they added new toys to see if novelty alone would help. Last, an adult sat and read aloud for a few minutes each day while children moved freely around the room.
What they found
When the adult read aloud, book touching and page turning jumped way up. The increase stayed high even after the adult stopped reading. New toys alone did almost nothing.
How this fits with other research
Vargas (2013) later tested the same read-aloud idea with minimally verbal preschoolers who have autism. They added pictures and objects while the adult read. Engagement still soared, showing the trick works across populations.
Barwasser et al. (2021) moved the idea up to first grade. They told stories three times a week to struggling readers who spoke German as a second language. Vocabulary and letter sounds improved, proving modeling keeps helping as kids grow.
Thomas et al. (1968) took a different path. They praised children whenever they said nice things about books. Praise also raised reading time. Modeling and praise both work, so you can pick the tool that fits your style.
Why it matters
You do not need fancy kits. Just grab a book, sit where children can see you, and read with interest. In five minutes you can double or triple how often kids open books on their own. Try it during free play, transition lulls, or center time. One adult model can set off a room-wide reading wave.
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Join Free →Pick a picture book you enjoy, sit on the rug, and read it aloud for five minutes while children play nearby; count how many kids move closer or pick up books afterward.
02At a glance
03Original abstract
Eight preschool children were exposed initially to an unstructured (open) classroom in which, among other objects, a dozen different books were continuously available. Samples of the subjects' behavior over several weeks documented a very low frequency of reading-related activity (attention to books). Introduction of novel books into the classroom increased some children's reading-related behavior, but adults who modelled reading by reading aloud produced larger and more stable increases of such behavior. There was also a relative increase in frequency of independent and a relative decrease in mutual-peer reading-related activity, possibly as a result of modelling. The study calls attention to the need to evaluate the open-classroom setting in a manner compatible with the experimental analysis of behavior in other applied settings-a manner that is also consistent with the real aims of open education.
Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1974 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1974.7-233