Beyond ethical individualism.

Embregts (2000) wrote a theory paper. It argues that virtue ethics should guide work with people who have intellectual disability.

Instead of asking "What rule applies?" the paper says ask "What kind of person should I be?" It wants clinicians to build good character and caring places.

The paper does not give numbers. It says virtue ethics fits disability work better than rule books.

Good care comes from good people, not from perfect codes.

Rosenberg et al. (2019) takes the same idea and makes it usable. They give behavior analysts a step-by-step guide that moves past the Compliance Code.

Lotan et al. (2010) extends the idea to adult decisions. They show how "respect for persons" looks in real guardianship talks.

Hooren et al. (2002) shows the idea in action. They replace food-lockdown with shared, kind planning for adults with Prader-Willi syndrome.

You still need the Ethics Code, but add a virtue check. Before you act, ask, "Does this choice make me the caring clinician I want to be?" Then ask the team and the client. This small pause turns rules into character and builds trust session by session.