Autism & Developmental

Reading Comprehension Instruction for Young Students with Autism: Forming Contextual Connections.

Engel et al. (2021) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2021
★ The Verdict

Six tight lessons on story coherence lift narrative retell in first graders with autism.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running reading groups for early-elementary students with autism.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only non-verbal or older clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team ran a six-session reading program with first graders who have autism.

Each lesson showed kids how to link story parts together so the text makes sense.

Kids were picked at random for the teaching group or a wait-list control group.

02

What they found

After six short lessons, the taught kids retold stories better and used more sequence words like "first, next, last."

The control group did not show these gains.

03

How this fits with other research

Llanes et al. (2020) saw that kids with autism write weaker personal stories than peers.

That sounds opposite to our study, but they compared autistic kids to neurotypical kids.

We looked at how the same autistic kids improved after help, not how they stacked up against others.

Sorenson Duncan et al. (2021) meta-analysis backs this up: both word reading and oral language matter for comprehension in autism.

Our brief lessons tapped both skills by teaching kids to connect ideas while they read.

Kostulski et al. (2021) later showed that letting older students pick their own texts also lifts comprehension, proving the idea works across ages.

04

Why it matters

You can add a handful of coherence-focused reading lessons to your current plan.

No new gear, just six short sessions, improves story retell and sequence language.

Try it next week during reading time and track narrative gains with simple story-recall probes.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Pick a short story, model how to link events with "first, next, last," then have the child retell it.

02At a glance

Intervention
direct instruction
Design
randomized controlled trial
Sample size
20
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Central coherence is the ability to perceive and connect salient information in a context such as a narrative text. Individuals with autism exhibit a detail-focused cognitive style of processing information that overlooks connections and shows weak central coherence. A six-session instructional intervention to foster coherence processing was administered to first and second graders (N = 10) while a control group (N = 10) received an irrelevant treatment, mean age 7.06 years, 18 males and 2 females. Results showed that the instruction benefited children's comprehension of narrative text. The intervention improved children's ability to retell a narrative text and improved first graders' use of sequence words to retell a story compared to control students. Findings carry implications for designing reading instruction for this special population.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2021 · doi:10.1598/RRQ.44.3.4