Autism & Developmental

Reactions to ostracism in adolescents with autism spectrum conditions.

Sebastian et al. (2009) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2009
★ The Verdict

Autistic teens feel peer rejection in their body and mind even when mood scores stay flat.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with middle- and high-school students with autism in schools or social-skills groups.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only preschool or adult clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers used a computer game called Cyberball to mimic peer rejection.

Teens with autism and typical teens played catch online with two fake players.

The fake players stopped throwing the ball to the teen, creating social exclusion.

The team then asked how the teen felt and measured mood, anxiety, and social needs.

02

What they found

Both groups said their social needs were hurt and anxiety went up.

Surprisingly, mood stayed flat for the autism group while typical teens felt worse.

In short, ostracism upset autistic teens inside, but you would not see it on mood scales.

03

How this fits with other research

Trimmer et al. (2017) ran the same Cyberball game with adults who have autism.

They saw higher heart rate and lower mood, showing the hurt grows with age.

Chevallier et al. (2012) helps explain the flat mood: autistic teens often report less social pleasure overall.

Together the papers say the sting is real, yet teens may not show or tell you.

04

Why it matters

Do not trust mood checklists alone after peer rejection. Ask about anxiety and feelings of belonging. Watch for quiet signs of stress like fidgeting or avoiding the lunch room. Pair social-skills groups with peer buddy programs so real classmates include the student, not just therapists.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Add two quick questions after recess: 'Did anyone leave you out?' and 'How worried do you feel right now?'

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
mixed

03Original abstract

Little is known about how adolescents with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) experience the initial impact of ostracism. This study investigated whether a mild, short-term episode of experimentally induced ostracism (Cyberball) would affect self-reported anxiety, mood, and the extent to which four social needs (self-esteem, belonging, control and meaningful existence) were threatened in adolescents with ASC and matched controls. Anxiety and the four needs were negatively affected by ostracism in both groups. However, ostracism did not modulate mood in the ASC group, and a number of possible interpretations of this group difference are discussed. In general, the results of this study suggest that normative models of ostracism are applicable to ASC.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2009 · doi:10.1007/s10803-009-0725-4