Autism & Developmental

Obesity Status and Physical Activity Level in Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Study.

Garcia-Pastor et al. (2019) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2019
★ The Verdict

Heavier clients with autism move less, especially on weekends—so measure activity, not just weight.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving school-age or adult clients with autism in any setting.
✗ Skip if Clinicians whose caseloads are solely underweight or non-autistic individuals.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers looked at weight and movement in people with autism. They checked body-mass index and wore activity trackers for a week. The group had kids, teens, and adults.

This was a small pilot study. It gave the first real counts of moderate-to-vigorous activity in this population.

02

What they found

Adult men with autism were more often overweight or obese. Heavier kids and teens sat more on weekends. They also logged fewer minutes of brisk activity.

The link held for both boys and girls. Less movement went hand-in-hand with higher fat mass.

03

How this fits with other research

Eussen et al. (2016) and Heald et al. (2020) saw the same pattern in large U.S. surveys. Autistic teens were heavier and moved less than typical peers. The new pilot adds hard activity data to their survey numbers.

Seáñ et al. (2019) found autistic youth carry 1.5-times the obesity risk. The pilot agrees, but shows the gap continues into adulthood.

Matheson et al. (2019) tested a fix: a parent-led weight program. Kids lost weight and ate more vegetables. Their study shows the problem the pilot flagged can be tackled in clinic.

04

Why it matters

You now know extra weight often comes with low activity in clients with autism. Track weekend screen time and brisk play minutes, not just BMI. When you see both red flags, refer to adapted sports programs or parent training like Matheson’s. Small shifts in daily movement can protect long-term health.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Add a weekend activity log to your next parent interview and set one movement goal, like a 20-minute walk before screen time.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
78
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

The purpose of the present study was to compare body composition and physical activity level between children and adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). A sample of 78 children, adolescents and adults participated in the study. Anthropometrics and physical activity, using GT1M accelerometer, were assessed. Overweight and obesity prevalence was higher in men vs. male children (p < 0.001) and in men vs. women (p = 0.035). Children recorded more moderate to vigorous physical activity (p = 0.040) than adults. Normal-weight children and adolescents combined as one age group, accomplished more moderate to vigorous physical activity, steps and less sedentary time compared to their overweight and obese counterparts during the weekend. Obesity status may negatively affect physical activity level in ASD individuals.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2019 · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3692-9