Autism & Developmental

Nutritional status of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs): a case-control study.

Marí-Bauset et al. (2015) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2015
★ The Verdict

Kids with autism aged 6-10 are often underweight and low on key vitamins.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with school-age children with autism in clinic or school settings.
✗ Skip if BCBAs serving only toddlers or adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Marí-Bauset et al. (2015) compared kids with autism to kids without autism. They looked at body weight and vitamin levels.

The children were 6 to 10 years old. The team used a case-control design.

02

What they found

Children with autism were more often underweight. They also had lower levels of some key vitamins.

The study showed poorer nutritional status in the autism group.

03

How this fits with other research

Miltenberger et al. (2013) already showed kids with autism eat less calcium and protein. Salvador's team found the same pattern two years later.

Barak-Levy et al. (2015) studied preschoolers and saw more nutrient gaps despite higher body weight. Salvador saw underweight in older kids. Age may explain the weight difference.

Sánchez-Gómez et al. (2023) extended the idea. They included kids with mild autism traits and still found poor diet quality. The problem is not limited to full autism diagnoses.

04

Why it matters

You can spot nutrition issues early. Ask parents what the child eats. Check weight at every visit. If the child is underweight or eats few foods, refer to a dietitian. Better nutrition can improve mood, sleep, and learning.

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02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case control
Sample size
153
Population
autism spectrum disorder, neurotypical
Finding
negative
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have problems of food selectivity, implying risks of nutritional deficiencies. The aim was to compare intakes of macro and micronutrients and body mass index in ASD and typically developing (TD) children. In a case-control study, 3-day food diaries and anthropometric measurements were completed for ASD (n = 40) and TD (n = 113) children (aged 6-10 years) living in the same area. Body mass indices were below the 5th percentile in 20 % of ASD versus 8.85% of TD children. We found intakes were lower for fluoride (p = 0.017) and higher for vitamin E (p = 0.001). There was limited food variety and inadequacy of some intakes suggests that routine monitoring of ASD children should include assessment of their dietary habits, as well as anthropometric measurements.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2015 · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2205-8