Autism & Developmental

Linking Anxiety and Insistence on Sameness in Autistic Children: The Role of Sensory Hypersensitivity.

Black et al. (2017) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2017
★ The Verdict

Sensory hypersensitivity is the bridge that lets anxiety fuel insistence on sameness in autistic kids—target that bridge in treatment.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with autistic children who show both anxiety and rigid routines.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only verbal adults with no sensory concerns.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Parents filled out three checklists about their kids. One asked about anxiety. One asked about sensory issues. One asked about insistence on sameness.

The team looked at autistic kids and typical kids. They wanted to know if sensory problems help explain why anxiety and sameness cling together.

02

What they found

In autistic kids, sensory hypersensitivity carried most of the load. It explained two-thirds of the link between specific phobias and sameness. It also explained more than half of the link between separation anxiety and sameness.

Social anxiety did not fit the pattern. Typical kids showed no links at all.

03

How this fits with other research

Yorke et al. (2025) push the idea further. They show the autism–sensory tie is really about alexithymia, not autism itself. Their genetic data say, “Check for trouble naming feelings before you blame autism.”

Brosnan et al. (2025) swap the mediator. They use intolerance of uncertainty instead of sensory issues. Both teams find the same punch line: a middle-step trait turns autism features into everyday behavior.

Machado et al. (2024) widen the lens. They find sensory quirks in parents, not just kids. The picture is now a family story, not a single-child problem.

04

Why it matters

You now have a clear path. When a child shows both anxiety and rigid routines, zoom in on sensory triggers first. Add alexithymia and intolerance-of-uncertainty screens. Treat the shared middle step—sensory regulation—and you may trim two problems at once.

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Start your session with a 5-item sensory checklist; pick one hypersensitive trigger and teach a replacement regulation skill.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
survey
Sample size
79
Population
autism spectrum disorder, neurotypical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Sensory hypersensitivity and insistence on sameness (I/S) are common, co-occurring features of autism, yet the relationship between them is poorly understood. This study assessed the impact of sensory hypersensitivity on the clinical symptoms of specific phobia, separation anxiety, social anxiety and I/S for autistic and typically developing (TD) children. Parents of 79 children completed questionnaires on their child's difficulties related to sensory processing, I/S, and anxiety. Results demonstrated that sensory hypersensitivity mediated 67% of the relationship between symptoms of specific phobia and I/S and 57% of the relationship between separation anxiety and I/S. No relationship was observed between sensory hypersensitivity and social anxiety. These mediation effects of sensory hypersensitivity were found only in autistic children, not in TD children.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2017 · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3161-x