Autism & Developmental

Is grammar spared in autism spectrum disorder? Data from judgments of verb argument structure overgeneralization errors.

Ambridge et al. (2015) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2015
★ The Verdict

High-functioning students with autism may speak well but still miss hidden grammar violations.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing language goals for school-age verbal clients.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only non-verbal or preschool learners.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team asked kids to judge silly sentences. Example: “The magician disappeared the rabbit.” The verb disappear can’t take an object, so the sentence sounds off.

Children with autism and typical peers gave thumbs-up or thumbs-down to many such lines. Both groups had similar IQ scores. The goal was to see if the autism group noticed the tiny grammar slips.

02

What they found

Typical kids quickly rejected the wrong sentences. Kids with autism said “sounds okay” more often. The difference was small but clear. Even bright students with autism can miss subtle grammar rules.

03

How this fits with other research

Davis et al. (2018) extends this idea to deaf children. They found that deaf kids with autism also show language gaps, but the gaps are bigger and tied to motor planning.

Avraam et al. (2019) seems to disagree. They showed that people with autism follow visual grouping rules just like typical people. The trick is that their task had no competing cues. When the rules are plain and the scene is simple, rule use looks normal.

Hadad et al. (2015) agree with Ravit. They proved that autism learners can integrate visual info when the task tells them exactly when to do it. Together these studies say: rule problems show up only when the cue is soft or the rule is hidden.

04

Why it matters

Your student may speak in full sentences yet still miss fine grammar points. Do not assume comprehension is intact. During language lessons, highlight the rule plainly. Use color cues, explicit labels, and lots of examples. Check understanding with forced-choice tasks instead of open questions.

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Present two sentences, one with a subtle verb error and one correct, and ask your client to pick the “silly” one—record hits and misses to pin-point grammar targets.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
32
Population
autism spectrum disorder, neurotypical
Finding
negative
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) aged 11-13 (N = 16) and an IQ-matched typically developing (TD) group aged 7-12 (N = 16) completed a graded grammaticality judgment task, as well as a standardized test of cognitive function. In a departure from previous studies, the judgment task involved verb argument structure overgeneralization errors (e.g., *Lisa fell the cup off the shelf) of the type sometimes observed amongst typically developing children, as well as grammatical control sentences with the same verbs (e.g., The cup fell off the shelf). The ASD group showed a smaller dispreference for ungrammatical sentences (relative to the control sentences) than did the TD group. These findings are indicative of a subtle grammatical impairment in even relatively high-functioning children with ASD.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2015 · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2487-5