Autism & Developmental

Impact of a Structured Social Skills Training Program on Adolescents and Young Adults with Level 1 Autism

L et al. (2025) · 2025
★ The Verdict

A long, every-other-week social-skills group lifted Vineland social scores for teens and young adults with level 1 autism.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running teen or young-adult groups in clinics or private practices.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only serve non-verbal or elementary-aged clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Fradet et al. (2025) ran a 17-month social-skills group for teens and young adults with level 1 autism.

Sessions met every two weeks in an outpatient clinic.

Thirty-one participants joined; the team checked Vineland social scores before and after.

02

What they found

Vineland social scores rose after the program.

The gains were large enough to be meaningful.

No control group was used, so the team compared each person to their own baseline.

03

How this fits with other research

The result lines up with four decades of work. Bailey (1984) first showed that verbal autistic teens could learn conversation skills through modeling and role-play.

Deckers et al. (2016) later proved the same idea works inside routine clinics for younger kids.

Gilmore et al. (2022) pooled 16 trials and found group social-skills classes still help teens, but real-life hangouts rarely improve. L et al. now show that longer, steady groups can keep the benefit going into young-adult years.

04

Why it matters

You can copy the plan: meet every other week, use clear behavioral lessons, and track Vineland scores. The format fits busy families and needs no extra staff. If your clients are aging out of school, this gives you a ready-made bridge program.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Add a fortnightly social-skills block to your calendar and open it to clients aged 14-25.

02At a glance

Intervention
behavioral skills training
Design
pre post no control
Sample size
31
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

<h4>Background/objectives</h4>Level 1 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by challenges in social and communication skills. Despite these difficulties, individuals with level 1 ASD often exhibit average intelligence and typical language development. Improving socialisation skills in this population requires tailored approaches that address their specific needs and include targeted strategies. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured social skills training programme for adolescents and young adults with level 1 ASD.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants diagnosed with level 1 ASD, regardless of gender, were consecutively recruited from an outpatient clinic. The intervention involved activities from the Social Skills, Autonomy, and Awareness Module, specifically designed for adolescents and young adults. Sessions were conducted fortnightly, lasting 1.5 to 3 h each, over 17 months. Adaptive behaviour was assessed using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales (VABS) at baseline and after completing the programme. Data were analysed with SPSS version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Statistical methods included automatic clustering to identify optimal clusters and Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to evaluate variable distributions among the clusters.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 31 participants (77.4% female) with a mean age of 20.1 years (SD = 7.0) were included in the study. Two distinct clusters emerged. Cluster 1 (n = 8) had significantly higher mean ages and baseline Vineland II socialisation scores than Cluster 2 (n = 23). Both clusters demonstrated significant improvements in social skills following the intervention.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study highlights distinct profiles within individuals with level 1 ASD, showing a clear link between age and social skill development. The intervention improved social skills for most participants, regardless of the age at which treatment began. For some individuals, alternative or augmented treatment strategies may be necessary to achieve optimal results.

, 2025 · doi:10.3390/pediatric17010006