Autism & Developmental

Correlates of physical activity, sedentary time, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in autistic adults without intellectual disabilities.

Lee et al. (2025) · Research in developmental disabilities 2025
★ The Verdict

In autistic adults without ID, sitting time predicts heart and mood problems more than exercise minutes do.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving autistic teens or adults in day programs, vocational centers, or telehealth settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working solely with autistic preschoolers or clients with severe intellectual disability.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Lee et al. (2025) asked autistic adults without intellectual disability to fill out online surveys. They wanted to know how daily sitting time and physical activity relate to heart-health and mental-health risk factors.

The team used standard questionnaires and self-report measures. They looked at minutes spent sitting, minutes of exercise, blood-pressure worries, mood scores, and stress markers.

02

What they found

More sitting time predicted higher cardiovascular and mental-health risks. The link was clear even after they adjusted for age and sex.

Surprisingly, amount of physical activity showed no significant ties to the same risk factors. Simply put, sitting hurt; exercising did not help in this data set.

03

How this fits with other research

The finding seems to clash with Ketcheson et al. (2018) who saw preschoolers with autism sit less than typical peers. Age explains the gap: little kids move more; adults move less.

It also looks opposite to Healy et al. (2017) where autistic teens watched more TV and were heavier. Development stage matters: teens pile on screen time while adults feel the medical consequences.

The study extends Healy et al. (2020) who linked bedroom TVs to child screen use. Daehyoung moves the lens to adults and adds hard health outcomes like blood pressure and mood.

Finally, it backs Healy et al. (2022) who listed boredom and no transport as top exercise barriers. If those barriers keep adults inactive, the real health threat may be the sitting that fills the empty time.

04

Why it matters

For BCBAs coaching autistic adults, focus on breaking up sitting before pushing gym plans. Build stand-and-stretch cues into work sessions, schedule short walks after meals, and teach clients to set hourly movement timers. Small reductions in sedentary minutes may yield faster health gains than chasing 10 000 steps.

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Program a smart-watch or phone to buzz every 60 minutes and prompt a three-minute standing or walking break.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
survey
Sample size
229
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
mixed

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence indicates that autistic adults without intellectual disabilities (ID) are at elevated risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). AIMS: This cross-sectional survey study aimed to assess the prevalence of physiological and mental health risk factors for CVD and examine how physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) relate to CVD risk in autistic adults without ID. METHODS: An online self-report survey addressing PA, ST, and CVD risk factors was delivered to 229 autistic adults without ID aged 18-55 years. Participants were recruited via direct contact with autism advocacy organizations in the U.S. and autism support groups on social media. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to explain the impact of PA and ST on CVD risk factors. RESULTS: Higher ST was significantly associated with increased odds for high blood pressure, stroke, and mental health risk factors (depression, anxiety, bipolar, and obsessive-compulsive disorder; all p < 0.05). No significant associations were found between PA and CVD risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Excessive ST in autistic adults without ID is associated with an increased risk for certain CVD factors, particularly those related to poor mental health. Health interventions should focus on breaking up prolonged sitting as a CVD prevention strategy in this population.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2025 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2025.104980