Autism & Developmental

Children reared in a reverse isolation environment: effects on cognitive and emotional development.

Tamaroff et al. (1986) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 1986
★ The Verdict

Hospital isolation can stunt motor and language growth, but early enriched play can turn it around.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with infants after long hospital stays or NICU discharge.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only school-age clients with no early medical history.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Doctors tracked four babies who lived in hospital isolation rooms for months.

They wanted to see if lack of normal play and touch hurt growth.

The team tested motor skills, talking, and feelings at discharge and later visits.

02

What they found

Two babies had weak muscles and spoke few words.

The other two stayed on track.

After going home or getting extra therapy, the delayed kids slowly caught up.

03

How this fits with other research

Yaari et al. (2018) saw the same pattern in preterm babies. Very early birth, like isolation, cut later motor and language scores.

Mourao et al. (2024) showed one child with severe delays zoomed to normal IQ after daily therapy. This matches the 1986 hint that early help can fix the gap.

Jónsdóttir et al. (2007) tracked preschoolers with autism. Their IQ stayed steady while symptoms eased, just as the isolated kids kept stable gains once they left the ward.

Poppes et al. (2010) warns that some babies leave early-intervention looking fine yet slip back later. The 1986 study saw the same late-emerging risk.

04

Why it matters

If you serve kids who spent weeks in NICU isolation or long hospital stays, screen motor and language skills early. Add extra play, movement, and talk time right away. Even short bursts of enriched interaction can close the gap before preschool.

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Add five extra minutes of floor play and vocal turn-taking to every session for any client who spent over two weeks in NICU or isolation.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case series
Sample size
4
Population
developmental delay
Finding
mixed

03Original abstract

Cognitive and emotional aspects of development in four infants reared in a reverse isolation environment because of congenital severe combined immunodeficiency disease were studied by psychological test performance and formal observation. The children were studied while they were inpatients and following their discharge after successful medical treatment was accomplished. Treatment time in reverse isolation varied from 10 to 52 months. Deficient self-generated activity, including motor and motor-based cognitive skills such as expressive language, were observed in two of the four children. Deficits were also observed to be at least moderately reversible either upon discharge or in relation to an inpatient intervention program. Case material is discussed with reference to severe disruption of oral feeding experience, quality of parental involvement, and sensory isolation inherent in the environment.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 1986 · doi:10.1007/BF01531708