Autism & Developmental

Brief Report: Psychogenic Nonepileptic Events in Pediatric Patients with Autism or Intellectual Disability.

Freedman et al. (2023) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2023
★ The Verdict

Most kids with autism or ID who have psychogenic nonepileptic events get better within a year at a specialty clinic.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with children who have sudden unexplained movements or staring spells.
✗ Skip if BCBAs who only serve adults or clients with clear epilepsy diagnoses.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Doctors looked at the kids with autism or ID who had psychogenic nonepileptic events. These look like seizures but have no brain cause.

The team tracked what happened after the kids left their specialty clinic. They called families 12 months later to ask if the events stopped or got better.

02

What they found

Ten out of eleven kids had fewer events or none at all after one year. Only one child still had the same level of events.

This shows that most kids with ASD or ID can shake off these fake seizures within a year when they get the right care.

03

How this fits with other research

Ventola et al. (2016) saw similar good news over the study period of PRT. Their kids had less repetitive behavior. Both studies show real change in 3-4 months.

So et al. (2019) followed Japanese teens with ASD for two years. Like our study, most kids got better on their own timeline. The difference is they team watched internet addiction, not seizures.

These papers together tell us that many tough behaviors in ASD can fade over time, whether you treat them or just watch and support.

04

Why it matters

If a child with autism has sudden shaking or staring spells, think beyond epilepsy. Ask for video of the events and refer to a specialty clinic. Most kids will improve within a year, so your role is to support the family and track progress.

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Ask parents to film any odd spells and share the video with the child's neurologist.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case series
Sample size
15
Population
autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

This is a retrospective case series of pediatric patients referred to the psychogenic nonepileptic events clinic (PNEE) who had comorbid diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual disability (ID). We describe 15 patients, nine with ASD and six with ID who had a telephone visit follow-up at 12 months. There were higher rates of male gender (40%) and comorbid epilepsy (53%) compared to the larger PNEE cohort. Eleven patients were available for follow-up and ten patients had improvement in events or were event-free. We report that patients with ASD or ID can develop PNEE and experience improvement from events.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2023 · doi:10.3345/cep.2020.00892