Autism & Developmental

Body mass index, dietary intake and feeding problems of Turkish children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Bicer et al. (2013) · Research in developmental disabilities 2013
★ The Verdict

Over half of Turkish kids with autism in rehab are overweight and missing key vitamins—screen BMI and diet at intake.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with autistic children in clinic or home settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners serving only adult clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers weighed and measured 82 Turkish kids with autism who attended rehab centers.

Parents filled out a food diary and a feeding-problem checklist.

The team compared the kids' BMI and nutrient intake to Turkish growth charts.

02

What they found

Fifty-eight percent of the kids were overweight or obese.

Eleven percent were underweight.

Most children lacked calcium, zinc, vitamin B6, and folate.

Food selectivity was the top feeding issue parents reported.

03

How this fits with other research

Xiong et al. (2009) saw similar high weight in Chinese kids with autism, giving the same warning.

Amore et al. (2011) showed you can fix picky eating with ABA feeding plans, proving the problem is treatable.

Wang et al. (2025) later added that more screen time and poor sleep make picky eating worse.

Moorthy et al. (2022) found these kids also have worse oral hygiene, so diet issues spill into dental care.

04

Why it matters

Start every intake by weighing the child and asking about food refusals.

A simple diet log for three days will spot the missing vitamins.

If selectivity shows up, move straight to a function-based feeding plan.

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Add a one-page BMI chart and three-day diet log to your intake packet.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case series
Sample size
164
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

The body mass index of 164 children (aged 4-18 years) attending four autism rehabilitation centers in Istanbul, Turkey, was determined and assessed using the BMI-for-age percentile charts by the World Health Organization (WHO). The mean intake of energy and nutrients of 115 children were calculated using three-day food records. The feeding assessment surveys filled in by the parents/caregivers indicated that the major feeding problem among children was food selectivity. The majority of the children were overweight or obese (58.5%). A total of 11% of children were found to be severely thin and thin. The calcium, zinc, vitamin B6 and folate intake of the majority of children were inadequate. The salt consumption in all age groups and cholesterol intake in normal, overweight and obese children were high.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2013 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.08.024