Autism & Developmental

Assessment and treatment of rumination in a young man with autism

Wilder et al. (2018) · Behavioral Interventions 2018
★ The Verdict

Free Ring Pop plus a short reprimand can stop rumination cold in autism.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with teens or adults who ruminate during meals.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving kids whose problem behavior is aggression, not rumination.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

A young man with autism kept bringing food back up and re-chewing it. This is called rumination. The team gave him a Ring Pop lollipop all day, no matter what. Later they added a short “don’t do that” when he rumbled. Finally they took the candy away and used only the words.

They watched him during 10-minute meals. They counted each time he rumbled. They used an ABABC design. That means baseline, candy, candy plus words, then words alone.

02

What they found

The free lollipop cut rumbles from 12 a meal to about 4. Adding the short reprimand dropped it to almost zero. When they kept the reprimand but removed the candy, the low rate stayed. The words alone worked once the candy had already done its job.

Parents said mealtimes felt calm again. Weight loss stopped.

03

How this fits with other research

Breider et al. (2024) showed parent training also cuts disruptive behavior in kids with autism. Their study was bigger and used groups, but the goal was the same: stop tough behavior without drugs.

Parsons et al. (2013) and Hirota et al. (2014) reviewed pills for irritability in autism. They found weak or no effect. Wilder’s candy-plus-words approach gave a clear win with zero side effects. The papers don’t clash; they just show behavior beats meds for this one problem.

Sofronoff et al. (2004) proved short parent classes work. Wilder adds a simple trick you can teach parents in five minutes: free candy first, then fade to a quick “stop.”

04

Why it matters

You can copy this in one lunch period. Grab a highly preferred edible. Give it non-contingently during meals. If rumbles drop but still pop up, add a calm “no.” After a week, try removing the food and keep the words. Track data each bite. You just turned a dangerous medical issue into a treatable habit.

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Hand your client a non-contingent lollipop at lunch and count rumbles.

02At a glance

Intervention
noncontingent reinforcement
Design
single case other
Sample size
1
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

After a pretreatment screening analysis suggested that rumination by a 19‐year‐old man with autism was maintained by automatic reinforcement, we evaluated his preference for three snack foods and the frequency of his rumination after consuming each. Rumination was more common after eating high‐preference foods. We then examined noncontingent access to a type of lollipop (i.e., a Ring Pop™) to decrease rumination. The Ring Pop™ reduced rumination to moderately low levels. Next, to further decrease rumination, we added a reprimand, which reduced rumination to near zero levels. Finally, we evaluated the reprimand by itself, which resulted in a reduction in rumination roughly equivalent to that produced by the Ring Pop™. Results are discussed in terms of the source of reinforcement for rumination and the behavioral mechanisms responsible for intervention effects.

Behavioral Interventions, 2018 · doi:10.1002/bin.1633