Assessment & Research

Walking-induced muscle fatigue impairs postural control in adolescents with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.

Vitiello et al. (2016) · Research in developmental disabilities 2016
★ The Verdict

Fifteen minutes of self-paced walking is enough to weaken knees and wreck balance in teens with unilateral CP.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with adolescents who have spastic CP in school or clinic settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners serving only preschool or adult clients, or those without gait goals.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers had 12 teens with unilateral spastic CP and 12 typical peers walk on a treadmill for 15 minutes. The speed felt comfortable to each teen.

Before and after the walk the team tested knee-muscle strength and balance on a force plate. They wanted to see if light walking tired the CP group more.

02

What they found

After the short walk the CP teens lost about one-third of their knee strength. Their balance sway doubled. The typical group showed no change.

The fatigue hit fast—within 15 minutes of easy walking—and made balance clearly worse.

03

How this fits with other research

Deserno et al. (2017) also saw uneven gait in another neuro-motor disorder, DCD. Both studies use lab tools to show that small motor flaws can be measured and tracked.

Osório et al. (2025) found higher step-to-step variability in autistic toddlers. Together the papers show that gait control is shaky across several diagnoses, not just CP.

Rivilis et al. (2012) watched kids with DCD lose cardio fitness over years. Damien’s team shows the flip side: one quick bout of walking can instantly tire muscles. Acute fatigue and long-term decline are two faces of the same motor-capacity problem.

04

Why it matters

If you run sessions with teens who have CP, schedule balance drills before any long walking. A short walk to "warm up" may actually exhaust the knee muscles and set up falls. Split long corridors into shorter chunks and re-check balance after each one. This simple timing change can keep therapy safe and effective.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Start balance training right after seating, before any hallway walking.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
20
Population
other
Finding
negative
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is likely to be an important limiting factor in adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). AIMS: To determine the effects of walking-induced fatigue on postural control adjustments in adolescents with unilateral CP and their typically developing (TD) peers. METHODS: Ten adolescents with CP (14.2 ± 1.7 yr) and 10 age-, weight- and height-matched TD adolescents (14.1 ± 1.9 yr) walked for 15 min on a treadmill at their preferred walking speed. Before and after this task, voluntary strength capacity of knee extensors (MVC) and postural control were evaluated in 3 conditions: eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC) and with dual cognitive task (EODT). RESULTS: After walking, MVC decreased significantly in CP (-11%, P<0.05) but not in TD. The CoP area was only significantly increased in CP (90%, 34% and 60% for EO, EC and EODT conditions, respectively). The CoP length was significantly increased in the EO condition in CP and TD (20% and 21%) and was significantly increased in the EODT condition by 18% in CP only. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike TD adolescents, treadmill walking for 15 min at their preferred speed lead to significant knee extensor strength losses and impairments in postural control in adolescents with unilateral spastic CP.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2016 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2016.01.019