Assessment & Research

Visual-spatial and visuomotor functioning in adults with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Castricum et al. (2023) · Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR 2023
★ The Verdict

Adults with NF1 move eyes faster but hands less accurately, so give motor tasks extra time and space.

✓ Read this if BCBAs helping adults with NF1 in day programs or vocational settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only serve young children or non-NF1 populations.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team asked adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) to do quick eye-hand tasks.

They tracked eye speed and hand accuracy on simple computer tests.

A same-age group without NF1 did the same tasks for comparison.

02

What they found

Adults with NF1 moved their eyes faster, but their hands missed the target more often.

Surprise: their visual-spatial thinking scores looked normal.

The trouble is in the motor step, not the seeing step.

03

How this fits with other research

Piccini et al. (2015) saw boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy lag three years on visuospatial tasks.

Wilson et al. (2023) now show adults with NF1 have a milder, different pattern—eye speed up, hand accuracy down.

Muth et al. (2014) meta-analysis found autistic adults often outperform peers on Block Design.

NF1 adults do not show that boost; their visual-spatial scores sit even with controls.

Together, the papers say: genetic disorders tweak visuospatial systems in unique, small ways.

04

Why it matters

If you teach an adult with NF1, give the eyes time to land before the hand must act.

Use larger targets or slower pacing for mouse, pen, or kitchen tasks.

No need to drill visual puzzles—they already see space fine; they just need motor practice.

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02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
53
Population
other
Finding
mixed
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder associated with visual-spatial and visuomotor deficits, which have not been studied well in adults with NF1. METHODS: In 22 adults with NF1 and 31 controls, visuomotor functioning was assessed by measuring eye latency, hand latency and hand accuracy during visuomotor tasks. Visual-spatial functioning was assessed by measuring eye movement responses during the Visual Threshold Task. RESULTS: The NF1 group had a significantly shorter eye latency than the control group and was less accurate in their hand movements during specific visuomotor tasks. The groups showed no differences in eye movement responses during the Visual Threshold Task and in hand latency during the visuomotor tasks. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to studies in children with NF1, we found no alterations in visual-spatial information processing in adults. Impairments in eye latency and hand accuracy during specific visuomotor tasks may indicate deficits in visuomotor functioning in adults with NF1.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2023 · doi:10.1111/jir.13005