Validation of the Arabic version of the attitudes toward intellectual disability questionnaire (ATTID-AR).
The Arabic ATTID-AR is ready to measure attitudes toward ID in Arabic-speaking adults.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Alnahdi et al. (2026) translated the Attitudes Toward Intellectual Disability Questionnaire into Arabic. They checked if the 24-item ATTID-AR gives steady scores and makes sense in Arabic-speaking adults.
What they found
The Arabic form held together well. Internal consistency was acceptable and the same three-factor structure showed up, so the tool is ready for use.
How this fits with other research
The work mirrors Faught et al. (2021), who also gave an Arabic thumbs-up to the DCDQ-07 for motor issues in Lebanese kids. Both studies followed the same recipe: translate, run stats, keep the original factor shape.
Lugo-Marín et al. (2019) did the same job in Spanish with the Autism Quotient Short Form. Together these papers show one path works across languages: keep items short, keep factors intact, report alpha.
Lambrechts et al. (2009) looked at an Orientation Test for adults with ID and found it failed—lots of false positives. Alnahdi et al. (2026) succeed where that tool failed; careful item writing and cultural review gave a scale that actually measures what it claims.
Why it matters
If you serve Arabic-speaking families, you can now open a session with the ATTID-AR to see how parents, teachers, or staff really feel about intellectual disability. A quick 24-item scan shows which attitude domain needs education before you start training or place a client in an inclusive setting. Use the data to pick targets like boosting positive expectations or lowering fear, then re-test after your workshops to prove change.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
BACKGROUND: The ability to examine people's attitudes about individuals with an intellectual disability is an important step toward their inclusion in society, as negative attitudes are one of the challenges to an inclusive society. The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the short version of the Attitudes Toward Intellectual Disability (ATTID) questionnaire. METHODS: Participants were 903 who completed the Arabic version of the ATTID. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to evaluate the structural validity. Content validity was examined using expert ratings, and both concurrent and convergent validity were assessed via correlation analyses with existing instruments and demographic variables. RESULTS: The findings provided evidence of internal consistency based on Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Evidence related to internal structure, content, and relations to other variables was examined, yielding generally positive indications for the psychometric properties of the scores. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis indicated a five-domain structure consistent with the proposed model. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the findings provide evidence supporting the psychometric properties of the scores obtained from the Arabic short version of the ATTID for assessing multidimensional attitudes toward individuals with intellectual disabilities in Arabic-speaking populations.
Research in developmental disabilities, 2026 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2025.105200