Assessment & Research

Using Conditional Percentages During Free-Operant Stimulus Preference Assessments to Predict the Effects of Preferred Items on Stereotypy: Preliminary Findings.

Frewing et al. (2015) · Behavior modification 2015
★ The Verdict

A 10-minute free-operant CSA reliably finds the toy that cuts stereotypy, so you can shorten the test and still get the same helpful item.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with automatically maintained stereotypy in clinic or school settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only treat skill deficits without stereotypy concerns.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team ran a free-operant competing stimulus assessment (CSA) with four clients. They watched which items the kids touched most and how much stereotypy happened at the same time.

They tried three lengths: 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and a full 30-minute single test. The goal was to find high-preference, low-stereotypy (HP-LS) items that still worked when time was cut.

02

What they found

All four kids showed the same HP-LS items in the short 10-minute test as in the long ones. When those items were given later, stereotypy dropped every time.

A 10-minute CSA was enough to spot the item that would later cut automatically maintained stereotypy.

03

How this fits with other research

Conine et al. (2021) also asked if shorter is okay. They saw that one-session and two-session MSWO lists look like the full three-session list, but the very top item can change. Perez et al. (2015) show the CSA top item stays the same even at 10 minutes, giving you more confidence to trim time.

Hastings et al. (2001) used a 30-second single-stimulus engagement test to predict reinforcer power. Perez et al. (2015) extend that idea: brief engagement time also predicts which item will block stereotypy, not just which item will reinforce.

Lemons et al. (2015) speed up paired-stimulus tests by picking whole categories. Perez et al. (2015) take a different shortcut: keep the free-operant method but stop at 10 minutes. Both groups aim to save time without losing accuracy.

04

Why it matters

You can run a CSA during a single short break and still pick the right toy or tablet to lower stereotypy. Try a 10-minute session, mark the item with high engagement and almost no stereotypy, then use it in treatment. You save precious therapy minutes while keeping the same benefit.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Run a 10-minute CSA, note the item with high engagement plus low stereotypy, and place it in the client’s first break schedule.

02At a glance

Intervention
preference assessment
Design
single case other
Sample size
4
Population
not specified
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

To date, researchers have not identified an efficient methodology for selecting items that will compete with automatically reinforced behavior. In the present study, we identified high preference, high stereotypy (HP-HS), high preference, low stereotypy (HP-LS), low preference, high stereotypy (LP-HS), and low preference, low stereotypy (LP-LS) items based on response allocation to items and engagement in stereotypy during one to three, 30-min free-operant competing stimulus assessments (CSAs). The results showed that access to HP-LS items decreased stereotypy for all four participants; however, the results for other items were only predictive for one participant. Reanalysis of the CSA results revealed that the HP-LS item was typically identified by (a) the combined results of the first 10 min of the three 30-min assessments or (b) the results of one 30-min assessment. The clinical implications for the use of this method, as well as future directions for research, are briefly discussed.

Behavior modification, 2015 · doi:10.1177/0145445515593511