Assessment & Research

Spatio-temporal gait characteristics in children with Tourette syndrome: a preliminary study.

Liu et al. (2014) · Research in developmental disabilities 2014
★ The Verdict

Kids with Tourette syndrome keep the beat but miss the mark on step length.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who support school-age kids with TS in clinic or school gyms.
✗ Skip if Practitioners serving only ASD or adult populations.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Wen-Yu et al. (2014) watched kids walk across a lab walkway.

They compared children with Tourette syndrome to same-age peers without tics.

Motion cameras measured every step to see if TS changed how the foot landed.

02

What they found

Kids with TS took steps that were not the same length each time.

Their timing stayed steady, so they did not trip or limp.

The irregularity was small but clear on the computer graphs.

03

How this fits with other research

Hasan et al. (2017) saw a different gait problem in autism: the ground pushed back on the foot in an uneven way.

Gong et al. (2020) also found flat, uneven steps in preschoolers with ASD.

All three studies show tiny, measurable gait quirks that parents rarely notice.

The TS paper adds that tics may affect space, not time, while ASD seems to affect both space and force.

04

Why it matters

If you work with a child who has TS and seems clumsy, check step length before blaming inattention.

A simple hallway walk test with tape on the floor can show if steps vary.

Share the number with physical therapy if you refer out; early data helps them target balance or strength work.

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Lay a 10-foot tape line, count ten steps, and note any short-long-short pattern.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
16
Population
tourette syndrome, neurotypical
Finding
negative
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

Earlier studies had suggested that variability of stride length in gait is a pathological sign of basal ganglia disease. Some evidence implicates the involvement of the basal ganglia and related thalamocortical circuitry in Tourette syndrome (TS). To date, the gait of subjects with TS has only discussed in case reports. This investigation compared the spatial and temporal gait characteristics of a sample of children with TS (N=8) with those of healthy controls (HC; N=8). All children were instructed to walk under two speed conditions: "preferred" and "fastest." Gait parameters were measured using an electronic walkway. Spatial and temporal gait parameters were compared using a two-way (group)×(conditions) repeated measures ANOVA. The preliminary results suggested that similar to HC children, children with TS were capable of regulating temporal characteristics of gait based on walking speed. They also exhibited subtle gait anomalies such as irregular step length, as evidenced by significant differences in step length differential (p=0.003), detectable despite the small sample size. These findings warrant further investigation into the gait control of children with TS.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2014 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.04.025