Assessment & Research

Self-concept and physical self-concept in psychiatric children and adolescents.

Simons et al. (2012) · Research in developmental disabilities 2012
★ The Verdict

Expect low PSDQ scores from teens with psychiatric diagnoses—use them as a roadmap for strength-building goals.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing treatment plans for adolescents in inpatient or outpatient clinics.
✗ Skip if Practitioners working only with adults or kids under eight.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Rojahn et al. (2012) asked teenagers with psychiatric diagnoses to fill out the Self-Description Questionnaire.

They compared the scores to teens without mental-health diagnoses.

Girls and boys were looked at separately.

02

What they found

The clinical group scored lower on every self-concept domain.

Girls in both groups scored lower than boys.

The gap was largest for physical-appearance self-concept.

03

How this fits with other research

Cheong et al. (2013) warn that no self-concept tool has strong psychometrics for kids with cerebral palsy.

Yet Cheong et al. (2018) later showed kids with CP actually report positive self-concept when using a CP-specific tool.

This seems to clash with J’s finding of low scores, but the difference is diagnosis and tool: CP kids used a tailored measure, while psychiatric teens used the standard PSDQ.

Cary et al. (2024) add that self-report from neurodivergent youth gives unique information, so we should still ask—even if scores look low.

04

Why it matters

Low self-concept is part of the clinical picture, not a measurement flaw.

Screen all PSDQ domains at intake to spot the lowest areas.

Use those low scores to pick reinforcers that build mastery and praise physical skills during sessions.

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Pick one PSDQ subdomain where the teen scored lowest and embed a related mastery task in the first session.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
206
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

Self-concept is a widely examined construct in the area of psychiatric disorders. This study compared the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) scores of adolescents with psychiatric disorders (N=103) with the results of a matched group of non-clinical adolescents (N=103). Self-concept and Physical self-concept were lower in the clinical than in the non-clinical group. Girls (N=59) scored lower than boys (N=44) in both groups. In the different diagnostic groups specific domains were affected in line with symptomatology, which has implications for therapy.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.12.012