Assessment & Research

Retrospective analysis of changes in response topographies of escape‐maintained aggressive behavior during functional analyses

Hernández et al. (2018) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2018
★ The Verdict

Plot every aggressive form separately during your FA—one will likely outlast the rest and should drive your treatment.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running or reviewing FAs for escape-maintained aggression in any setting.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only use interview-based FBAs and never run demand sessions.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Hernández et al. (2018) looked back at old FA data. They wanted to see how the shapes of escape-maintained aggression changed across demand sessions.

They counted each separate form of aggression. Then they compared the first demand session to the last one for each person.

02

What they found

Most topographies dropped off. One strong form stayed while the others faded.

The total number of aggressive acts went down from start to finish.

03

How this fits with other research

Hattier et al. (2011) found that 87% of "multiple control" FAs used lumped data. When you lump, you can miss that some topographies are already gone. Hernández shows the fade in real time.

Guerrero et al. (2022) proved that eye-balling the graph beats strict rules for mealtime FAs. Hernández gives one more reason to watch each line: one topography may be doing all the work.

Fernandez et al. (2024) saw rare acquisition in escape sessions. Hernández adds that even without new behavior, the mix you see on day one is not the mix you get later.

04

Why it matters

Stop treating "aggression" as one number. Track each hit, bite, and kick on its own data path. When one form stays high and the rest drop, you know exactly what to block or teach as replacement. You will write clearer treatment plans and avoid blaming the wrong topography for escape.

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Open last week’s FA graph, split the aggression category into topographies, and re-plot each one to see which still climbs.

02At a glance

Intervention
functional analysis
Design
case series
Population
not specified
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

We observed changes in the rates of response topographies during the demand condition of functional analyses for participants who demonstrated problem behavior maintained by escape. Over the course of the functional analysis for each participant, the number of topographies decreased from the first to the last session. Additionally, after the first session of the demand condition the rate of responding for one topography increased or remained at high levels while the rates of all other topographies decreased. The implications of these results when conducting functional analysis are discussed.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2018 · doi:10.1002/jaba.464