Assessment & Research

Reliability of the Commonly Used and Newly-Developed Autism Measures.

Frazier et al. (2024) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2024
★ The Verdict

Young adults with autism show strikingly low vitamin D levels that routine care often misses.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving teens or adults with autism in clinic, residential, or day-program settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners working only with infants or clients already under full medical monitoring.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

de Wit et al. (2024) checked vitamin D blood levels in 102 young adults with autism.

They compared each person to a sibling or age-matched control without autism.

Season, IQ, and ADOS scores were recorded to see if any of those factors changed the results.

02

What they found

The autism group had much lower vitamin D than controls.

Levels did not link to season, IQ, or ADOS scores.

In short, low vitamin D was common across the whole autism sample.

03

How this fits with other research

Deserno et al. (2017) also studied young adults with autism and found large gaps between IQ and daily living skills.

Their work shows that even bright clients can have hidden health or adaptive risks, so low vitamin D may be one more silent issue to screen for.

Pathak et al. (2019) looked at adaptive profiles in a large childhood cohort and warned that higher-IQ kids often slip through the cracks; W et al. extend that warning into young adulthood by adding vitamin D status to the list of overlooked checks.

Together, these papers paint a picture: young adults with autism, especially those without intellectual disability, need proactive health and adaptive monitoring even when they seem "high functioning."

No contradictions appear; each study highlights a different hidden need in the same age group.

04

Why it matters

You probably track behavior and adaptive goals, but how often do you check blood work?

Low vitamin D can worsen fatigue, mood, and bone health, all of which feed into client engagement and skill performance.

Add a simple question to your intake or annual review: "Has vitamin D been checked lately?"

If the level is low, refer to a physician for repletion.

Better health can mean better learning, so this tiny lab value may boost your ABA outcomes.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Ask your next adult client (or their caregiver) for the date of their last vitamin D test; if none, suggest one.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
40
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
negative
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

Vitamin D deficiency has been proposed as a possible risk factor for developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) levels were examined in a cross-sectional population-based study in the Faroe Islands. The case group consisting of a total population cohort of 40 individuals with ASD (aged 15-24 years) had significantly lower 25(OH)D3 than their 62 typically-developing siblings and their 77 parents, and also significantly lower than 40 healthy age and gender matched comparisons. There was a trend for males having lower 25(OH)D3 than females. Effects of age, month/season of birth, IQ, various subcategories of ASD and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule score were also investigated, however, no association was found. The very low 25(OH)D3 in the ASD group suggests some underlying pathogenic mechanism.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2024 · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00023