Assessment & Research

Plastic surgery on children with Down syndrome: parents' perceptions of physical, personal, and social functioning.

Kravetz et al. (1992) · Research in developmental disabilities 1992
★ The Verdict

Facial plastic surgery for Down syndrome brings no parent-noticed gains, so spend your effort on daily living skills instead.

✓ Read this if BCBAs whose clients with Down syndrome are offered plastic surgery.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working solely on medical feeding or swallowing issues.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team asked parents about plastic surgery on kids with Down syndrome.

They wanted to know if the surgery helped the child move, play, or make friends.

Parents filled out forms before and after the operation.

02

What they found

Moms and dads saw no real gain in how their child walked, talked, or played.

Social life stayed the same.

The surgery did not make daily life easier for the child or the family.

03

How this fits with other research

A 2011 review by C et al. looked at mood in Down syndrome. It says watch for hidden signs of sadness. The surgery study did not check mood, so we still do not know if looks affect feelings.

Barton et al. (2019) tried computer brain games. Parents saw tiny change in real life even when test scores rose. Both papers show parent eyes catch what lab scores miss.

Pitchford et al. (2019) found bad gums in 7 of the adults. Like the surgery study, parent help mattered. When parents brushed, gum risk rose. Looks and teeth both need daily care, not one-time fixes.

04

Why it matters

Skip the sales pitch for cosmetic surgery. Use your hours to teach useful skills like tooth brushing, hearing checks, or friend-making games. Track what parents see each week. Their view tells you if change is real.

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Add two parent questions to your session note: ‘Did you see any new skill this week?’ and ‘Did strangers treat your child differently?’

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Population
down syndrome
Finding
null
Magnitude
negligible

03Original abstract

Plastic facial surgery is being carried out on children with Down syndrome with the objective of improving these children's physical, personal, and social functioning. This study investigated the effect of such surgery on parents' perceptions, both of the current status of their children's functioning and of changes in this functioning. Perceptions of parents of children who had undergone this surgery in Israel in the years 1982 and 1983 were compared with perceptions of parents of children who had not undergone the operation. This comparison produced little evidence for the positive impact of the surgery on parents' perceptions of their children's physical, personal, and social functioning.

Research in developmental disabilities, 1992 · doi:10.1016/0891-4222(92)90021-w