Assessment & Research

Evaluating preterm infants with the Bayley-III: patterns and correlates of development.

Greene et al. (2012) · Research in developmental disabilities 2012
★ The Verdict

Preterm babies usually score lowest on Bayley-III language and motor scales, and early medical risks predict these gaps.

✓ Read this if Early-intervention BCBAs who assess infants born before 37 weeks.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only serve children over age three.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team gave the Bayley-III test to preterm babies. They looked at how the babies scored on language, motor, and thinking tasks. They also checked if early medical problems or family factors changed the scores.

02

What they found

Language and motor scores were lower than thinking scores. Babies who had abnormal head scans or needed extra oxygen scored worse. Social risk factors like low income also hurt performance.

03

How this fits with other research

Sajedi et al. (2013) used a 5-minute EEG to spot cerebral palsy with 95 % accuracy. Their quick brain-wave check gives instant results, while the Bayley-III takes an hour.

van Abswoude et al. (2015) showed that kids with CP learn motor skills even when they make lots of errors. Griffith et al. (2012) found that these kids start out behind on motor scores, so the two studies together say: start therapy early and let errors happen.

Van Gestel et al. (2011) used math models to sort gait patterns in CP. Their 88 % accuracy is lower than the EEG paper, but both show that tech tools can flag risk faster than waiting for Bayley delays to show up.

04

Why it matters

When you test a preterm baby, expect language and motor scores to lag behind thinking scores. Use this pattern to explain results to parents and to write IFSP goals that boost the weak areas first. Add quick screens like EEG or gait apps if you need faster answers than the Bayley can give.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Pull the language and motor sub-scores first when you review a Bayley-III report—plan reinforcers around those weaker domains.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Population
developmental delay
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

This study investigates the Third Edition of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III) and: (1) early patterns of neurodevelopmental performance among preterm infants 8-12 months of age; and (2) correlations between known risk factors and neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants in this cohort. Mean Language Index (LI; 91±15) and Motor Index (MI; 94±17) were significantly lower than the Cognitive Index (CI; 102±15, p<.01). For the majority (53%) of infants, language development was their weakest domain; for another 39%, motor skills were the weakest area of development. Almost one-quarter (22%) of this cohort had mildly delayed language and motor skills, while 7% had significantly delayed language and motor skills. Regression models revealed severely abnormal head ultrasound significantly predicted MI, LI, and CI. Oxygen dependence at discharge predicted CI, LI, and race/ethnicity predicted LI, MI. Results support the addition of the Language Index to the newly revised Bayley-III Scales. Prediction models of developmental performance confirm known neonatal risk factors and reveal sociodemographic risk factors that call for additional research.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.05.024