Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale-Developmental Disability (CAPES-DD): First psychometric evaluation of a new child and parenting assessment tool for children with a developmental disability.
CAPES-DD is a free, 21-item parent form that reliably measures both child behavior problems and caregiver self-efficacy in kids with developmental disabilities.
01Research in Context
What this study did
The team built a short parent form for kids with developmental delays. They called it CAPES-DD.
Parents answered 21 items about child behavior problems and their own sense of control.
Two large groups of moms and dads filled it out so the researchers could check if the scores were reliable and meaningful.
What they found
The 21-item CAPES-DD held together in two clean parts: child adjustment and parent efficacy.
Numbers showed good reliability and validity. The tool is free and takes about five minutes.
How this fits with other research
Hedley et al. (2023) did the same kind of first-check study with the SIDAS-M for suicidal thoughts in autistic adults. Both papers follow the same recipe: write items, give them to a sample, run factor analysis, report fit.
Lecavalier et al. (2004) factor-tested the older NCBRF in kids with ASD. CAPES-DD now gives a quicker, DD-focused option that also adds the parent-efficacy piece the NCBRF never had.
Eliasziw et al. (2025) aim for an ultra-brief autism screen. CAPES-DD is longer but wider; it covers both behavior and caregiver confidence, so you pick brevity or breadth depending on your question.
Why it matters
You now have a no-cost, psychometrically sound way to track two things at once: how the child is doing and how capable the parent feels. Use it at intake, before parent training, or at six-month reviews. A quick score jump on the efficacy side can guide you to reinforce what the parent is doing right, not just focus on child targets.
Want CEUs on This Topic?
The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.
Join Free →Print the CAPES-DD, give it to the parent before session, and use the efficacy score to pick which parent skill to teach first.
02At a glance
03Original abstract
This study examined the psychometric properties of the Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale-Developmental Disability (CAPES-DD), a brief inventory for assessing emotional and behavioral problems of children with developmental disabilities aged 2- to 16-years, as well as caregivers' self-efficacy in managing these problems. A sample of 636 parents participated in the study. Children's ages ranged from 2 to 15. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a 21-item, three-factor model of CAPES-DD child adjustment with 13 items describing behavioral (10 items) and emotional (3 items) problems and 8 items describing prosocial behavior. Three additional items were included due to their clinical usefulness and contributed to a Total Problem Score. Factor analyses also supported a 16-item, one factor model of CAPES-DD self-efficacy. Psychometric evaluation of the CAPES-DD revealed scales had satisfactory to very good internal consistency, as well as very good convergent and predictive validity. The instrument is to be in the public domain and free for practitioners and researchers to use. Potential uses of the measure and implications for future validation studies are discussed.
Research in developmental disabilities, 2016 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2015.09.006