Assessment & Research

Autism in Down's syndrome: presentation and diagnosis.

Ghaziuddin et al. (1992) · Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR 1992
★ The Verdict

Challenging behavior in Down’s syndrome may be autism—screen, don’t assume.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with kids or adults who have Down’s syndrome and behavior issues.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only serve typically-developing clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Doctors wrote up three kids with Down’s syndrome who acted out.

They asked: could these kids also have autism?

No big trial—just three stories to flag the idea.

02

What they found

All three had real autism, not just Down’s.

The team said the pair shows up more than we think.

They begged for bigger studies.

03

How this fits with other research

Spanoudis et al. (2011) saw the same blind spot: doctors miss depression in Down’s because they blame everything on the syndrome.

Rose et al. (2000) and McLennan et al. (2008) add that when adults with Down’s start new behavior problems, it can signal dementia—so behavior change is always a clue, not noise.

Goodwin et al. (2012) push universal autism screens for all toddlers; Jones et al. (1992) say you still need that lens even after a Down’s label.

04

Why it matters

If a client with Down’s hits, stalls, or tunes out, pause. Run an autism screener before you write it off as “just the syndrome.” Early ID opens doors to ABA, sensory, and communication plans that work.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Pull the M-CHAT or other autism tool for any client with Down’s who shows new self-injury or social withdrawal.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case series
Sample size
3
Population
down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Although autism is said to occur rarely with Down's syndrome, it may be more common in those persons with Down's syndrome who also show superimposed behavioural problems. In this brief report, the authors explore this possibility. They describe three patients with Down's syndrome who were referred for behavioural reasons and were found to have coexisting autism. They propose that a systematic study of the association of these two conditions may have implications on research and clinical practice.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 1992 · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00563.x