Assessment & Research

Attentional processes in autism.

Goldstein et al. (2001) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2001
★ The Verdict

Attention tests can mislabel flexibility or motor issues as attention deficits in high-functioning ASD.

✓ Read this if BCBAs assessing teens or adults with ASD who look inattentive.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working with non-verbal or severe motor disability only.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

DeLeon et al. (2001) gave a full attention test battery to high-functioning autistic adults.

They looked for core attention gaps, then checked if motor speed changed the picture.

02

What they found

The group only slipped on tasks that needed quick shifts or fast hand work.

Once motor speed was counted out, the gap vanished.

Attention itself looked intact; flexibility and speed were the weak spots.

03

How this fits with other research

Amirault et al. (2009) later saw the same people take longer between rapid flashes.

That slower "attentional blink" lines up with G et al.—speed, not missing data, is the issue.

Lindor et al. (2019) split kids by motor skill: only the clumsy ASD subgroup failed distractor tests.

Together the papers say: check motor and flexibility first before calling it global attention trouble.

04

Why it matters

When a learner with ASD drifts or stalls, try giving extra time or breaking shifts into clear steps.

You may boost performance without adding attention drills.

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Add a five-second pause between instructions and response prompts; note if accuracy rises.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
206
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

Attentional processes in individuals with high-functioning autism were compared with a matched control group. Participants for the study were 103 children and adults with autism and 103 control subjects. Measures administered corresponded to Mirsky et al.'s (1991) factor analysis of tests of attention. Diminished performance was noted on measures that loaded on the Focus-Execute and Shift factors, but not on the Sustain and Encode factors. For tests in which psychomotor speed was used as the score, and the difference between groups was significant, covariance analyses were performed, using tests of basic motor functions as covariates. This procedure led to attenuation to the point of nonsignificant differences in the case of some of the attention tests. Thus, this comprehensive analysis of attention in individuals with high-functioning autism only found differences on measures in which the task placed demands on cognitive flexibility or psychomotor speed. Thus, purported attention deficits in autism may actually be primary deficits in complex decision making or psychomotor abilities.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2001 · doi:10.1023/a:1010620820786