Assessment & Research

A cross-syndrome evaluation of a new attention rating scale: The Scale of Attention in Intellectual Disability.

Freeman et al. (2016) · Research in developmental disabilities 2016
★ The Verdict

A fresh teacher scale splits attention problems by syndrome—autism shows the widest hyperactive-impulsive span.

✓ Read this if BCBAs doing assessments in schools or clinics for kids with dual diagnoses.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only serve typically developing clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team built a new teacher scale called the Scale of Attention in Intellectual Disability.

They gave the scale to children with autism, Down syndrome, and idiopathic ID.

Teachers rated each child’s attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity on the same form.

02

What they found

Kids with autism scored highest on the hyperactive-impulsive part of the scale.

Children with Down syndrome or general ID showed milder, narrower attention problems.

The scale cleanly separated the three groups, so each syndrome has its own profile.

03

How this fits with other research

Sasson et al. (2018) pooled earlier studies and found joint attention is a strength in Down syndrome.

Bouck et al. (2016) now show the same kids look calmer on teacher ratings, matching that strength.

Vivanti et al. (2017) used eye-tracking and also found unique attention marks in autism versus Williams syndrome.

The new scale gives teachers a quick way to spot those same marks without cameras or labs.

04

Why it matters

You can now screen for attention patterns in under five minutes using one page.

If the child has autism, expect wide hyperactivity and plan shorter work periods.

If the child has Down syndrome, lean into their joint-attention strength and use visual cues.

Match your intervention style to the profile instead of using one-size-fits-all strategies.

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Print the Scale of Attention in Intellectual Disability and rate your next client in under five minutes.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
176
Population
autism spectrum disorder, down syndrome, intellectual disability
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Whilst neuropsychological research has enhanced our understanding of inattentive and hyperactive behaviours among children with intellectual disability (ID), the absence of rating scales developed for this group continues to be a gap in knowledge. This study examined these behaviours in 176 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Down Syndrome (DS), or idiopathic ID using a newly developed teacher rating scale, the Scale of Attention in Intellectual Disability. Findings suggested that children with ASD had a significantly greater breadth of hyperactive/impulsive behaviours than those with DS or idiopathic ID. These findings support existing research suggesting differing profiles of attention and activity across groups. Understanding disorder-specific profiles has implications for developing strategies to support students with ID in the classroom.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2016 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2016.06.005