ABA Fundamentals

The effects of work-reinforcer schedules on performance and preference in students with autism.

Bukala et al. (2015) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2015
★ The Verdict

Kids with autism work faster and like it more when you reinforce every response instead of saving rewards for later.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running discrete trial or table work with autistic learners.
✗ Skip if Clinicians already using continuous reinforcement for all tasks.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Three students with autism did school work under two reward plans. One plan gave a reward after every task. The other plan gave the same reward after a chunk of tasks.

The team switched the plans back-to-back each day to see which one the kids finished faster and liked more.

02

What they found

When rewards came after every task, two kids finished their work sooner. All three kids picked the every-task plan when they could choose.

The kids also liked doing the work more when the reward was right there each time.

03

How this fits with other research

Kocher et al. (2015) ran the same setup and got the same win for every-task rewards. They also saw kids master new skills faster with that plan.

Llinas et al. (2022) tested giving toys non-stop versus on a timer. Again, the steady stream beat the stop-and-start schedule for kids with autism.

Giunta‐Fede et al. (2016) looked at data sheets instead of rewards. They still found that keeping the measure going every moment caught learning quicker than spot checks.

04

Why it matters

If you want shorter table-time and happier learners, give the reinforcer right after each response. Skip the big blocks of work before the next break. Try it next session: deliver one piece of candy, token, or praise for every single correct answer and watch the work fly by.

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Start your next trial with a 1:1 response-to-reinforcer ratio and time how long the session takes.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
alternating treatments
Sample size
3
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

This study investigated performance under and preference for continuous and discontinuous work-reinforcer schedules in 3 students who had been diagnosed with autism. Under continuous schedules, participants completed all work and consumed all reinforcers in contiguous units. Under discontinuous schedules, work and reinforcer access were broken up into smaller units. During the alternating-schedules phase, session duration was shorter in the continuous schedule for 2 participants. During free choice, all 3 participants preferred the continuous work schedule.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2015 · doi:10.1002/jaba.188