ABA Fundamentals

The effects of a training package to teach note taking on the formation of equivalence classes

Frampton et al. (2024) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 2024
★ The Verdict

A three-step video plus feedback package teaches college students to take graphic notes and instantly pass hard equivalence tests.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who train staff or teach neurotypical teens and adults in college or clinic settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians looking for autism-specific interventions or early-childhood tactics.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Frampton et al. (2024) taught college students a new way to take notes. They used a short video, clear voice-over steps, and quick feedback.

Six students practiced the graphic-organizer method while doing match-to-sample tasks. The team then tested if the students could form brand-new equivalence classes without more teaching.

02

What they found

Every student used the note strategy perfectly. Each one also passed a tough five-member equivalence test on the first try.

The package worked right away. No one needed extra rounds or hints.

03

How this fits with other research

Griffith et al. (2018) got the same fast emergence with college students, but they taught piano chords instead of note taking. Both studies show equivalence-based instruction works for very different skills.

Longo et al. (2022) compared EBI to passive video watching for sign-language. Their EBI group mastered every sign, while the watch-only group needed repeats. Frampton adds feedback to the video, pushing the method one step further.

Pawlik et al. (2020) and Perrin et al. (2021) used brief habit reversal to cut speech disfluencies. Like Frampton, they gave college students a tiny package that created a big, immediate change. The common thread: short, clear, and coached practice beats long lectures.

04

Why it matters

If you run staff trainings or teach older learners, steal this three-piece recipe: model on video, state the steps out loud, and give instant feedback. You can plug the same plan into social-skills groups, parent nights, or student intern prep. The whole thing takes minutes, yet it lets learners pass tough tests without reteaching. That saves you time and keeps your sessions lean.

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Film a 90-second clip that shows the skill, voice the three key steps, and give live feedback while learners try it once.

02At a glance

Intervention
stimulus equivalence training
Design
single case other
Sample size
8
Population
neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

Effective note taking may enhance learning outcomes for students and serve as a directly observable form of mediation within a test context. Frampton et al. (2023) used stimulus fading to teach note taking in the form of a graphic organizer (GO) during matching-to-sample baseline relations training (MTS-BRT). Moderately high yields were observed with young adults despite the use of linear series training, abstract stimuli, and five-member classes. The present study taught the same note taking strategy using an intervention package including video illustration, voice-over instructions, and feedback to eight college students. Participants were taught to construct the GO during MTS-BRT with three three-member classes of familiar stimuli. Then the effects of MTS-BRT alone with three five-member classes of abstract stimuli was evaluated. Participants efficiently completed training with familiar stimuli and passed the posttest on the first attempt. With the abstract stimuli, participants engaged in GO construction during MTS-BRT and the six participants that demonstrated high levels of fidelity to the trained note taking strategy passed the posttest on the first attempt. These results replicate findings from Frampton et al. while using a more efficient intervention package. Benefits of teaching overt mediation responses are discussed as well as future directions for translation to applied contexts.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2024 · doi:10.1002/jeab.903