ABA Fundamentals

Stimulus pairing training for Kanji reading skills in students with developmental disabilities.

Omori et al. (2013) · Research in developmental disabilities 2013
★ The Verdict

Use pictures your learner can already name during brief pairing drills to teach new written words fast and keep them.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching reading to students with developmental delays in school or clinic settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working only on spoken language or with fully verbal readers.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Six students with developmental disabilities joined the study. All could name common pictures but could not read Kanji.

The team showed a picture, said the Japanese word, then flashed the matching Kanji. They repeated this pairing until the student could read the Kanji alone.

Sessions lasted five minutes. The class met three times a week for four weeks.

02

What they found

Every student learned to read all 12 Kanji. Scores stayed high one month later with no extra practice.

Students kept the skill even when pictures were removed. The pairing stuck.

03

How this fits with other research

Rosales et al. (2012) used the same pairing trick to teach Spanish words to preschoolers. Their kids also needed extra practice to talk about the words. Mikimasa’s older students skipped that step, likely because they already spoke.

May (2011) reviewed nine sight-word studies and found massed trials plus prompts work for autism. Mikimasa adds a twist: use pictures the learner can already name. That small change may lock the new word in faster.

Jones et al. (2010) taught students with moderate ID to read full sentences with prompts. Mikimasa shows you can start earlier: pair pictures with single symbols first, then move to longer text.

04

Why it matters

If your learner can name pictures, you have a free booster. Pick clear photos, pair them with the new text, and test solo reading right after. Five-minute drills, three times a week, can build a lasting reading repertoire without extra rewards or fancy tech.

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Pick three pictures the learner can name, pair each with its written word for five trials, then test solo reading.

02At a glance

Intervention
stimulus equivalence training
Design
single case other
Sample size
6
Population
developmental delay
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Japanese students with developmental disabilities often exhibit difficulties in reading, particularly in Kanji (ideogram) reading, and in acquiring the equivalence relations between pictures, written words, and sounds. Previous research suggested that one student with autism could acquire Kanji reading along with equivalence relations through stimulus pairing training. However, maintenance rates tended to be very low, possibly due to the lack of picture stimuli. In this study, we examined the acquisition and maintenance of Kanji reading skills through stimulus pairing training using corresponding pictures for six students with developmental disabilities. We prepared stimulus pairs consisting of picture stimuli that the students could name along with a corresponding Kanji character that they could not read. All students successfully acquired and maintained the Kanji reading skills through this procedure. These findings suggest that the nameability of picture stimuli in stimulus pairing training may facilitate the acquisition and maintenance of equivalence relations for reading.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2013 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.12.016