ABA Fundamentals

Evaluating a humane alternative to the bark collar: Automated differential reinforcement of not barking in a home-alone setting

Protopopova et al. (2016) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2016
★ The Verdict

Remote treat dispensers using DRO can silence home-alone barking without punishment.

✓ Read this if BCBAs helping families whose dogs disturb neighbors when left alone.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only treat human clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Five family dogs barked too much when left home alone. The team set a small camera and a treat dispenser on a shelf. Every 30 seconds of quiet earned a beep and a piece of kibble.

The owners left for 30-minute sessions. Barking was counted live. The rule flipped on and off in an ABAB design so the team could see if the treat schedule really worked.

02

What they found

Three dogs almost stopped barking. Their quiet time jumped from a large share to over a large share. Two dogs still barked a lot, so the trick did not work for everyone.

When the treats stopped, barking came back. When treats returned, quiet returned. Thinning to every 2 minutes kept the peace, so owners would not need to feed every half-minute forever.

03

How this fits with other research

Jessel et al. (2016) reviewed many DRO studies the same year. Their paper says DRO works, and the dog data add a new home-alone example to that list.

Kimball et al. (2023) warn that lean schedules can bring back problem behavior when places change. The dogs also showed a small bounce when the schedule thinned, so plan for relapse.

Shawler et al. (2020) stopped vocal stereotypy with RIRD, not treats. For loud dogs, rewarding quiet worked without any scolding or interruption.

04

Why it matters

You can cut home-alone barking without shock collars. A $100 treat dispenser and a DRO rule give owners a humane plan. Start with 30-second quiet windows, then stretch the time. If barking returns, check the schedule first.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Set a 30-second DRO for quiet, deliver a treat via any remote feeder, and track barks on your phone.

02At a glance

Intervention
differential reinforcement
Design
reversal abab
Sample size
5
Population
other
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a humane alternative to the traditional remote devices that deliver punishers contingent on home-alone dog barking. Specifically, we evaluated the use of remote delivery of food contingent on intervals of not barking during the pet owner's absence. In Experiment 1, 5 dogs with a history of home-alone nuisance barking were recruited. Using an ABAB reversal design, we demonstrated that contingent remote delivery of food decreased home-alone barking for 3 of the dogs. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated that it is possible to thin the differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior (DRO) schedule gradually, resulting in a potentially more acceptable treatment. Our results benefit the dog training community by providing a humane tool to combat nuisance barking.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2016 · doi:10.1002/jaba.334