An evaluation of generalization of mands during functional communication training.
Teach the mand in one context first—generalization to untrained settings can follow without extra drills.
01Research in Context
What this study did
The team ran FCT with sign language for one reinforcer only.
They first taught the sign in that single context.
Later they tested if the child would still sign when the same reinforcer was now available in new, untrained situations.
What they found
The child kept signing in the new contexts even though no one had drilled him there.
Problem behavior stayed low while the sign carried over.
How this fits with other research
Neely et al. (2018) looked at 37 FCT papers and found most never checked if the skill lasted outside the teaching room. The current study is one of the few that did, so it fills a gap the review flagged.
Boyle et al. (2019) took the same stimulus-control idea but taught two signs for two reinforcers after mixing the functions together. They also saw clean stimulus control, showing the 2013 result holds when you make the task harder.
Tsami et al. (2020) sounds like a contradiction: only one of five kids kept the gains when conditions were pulled apart. The difference is they started with combined contingencies, while S et al. started narrow and then broadened. Starting small and building out may be the safer path.
Why it matters
You can save hours of extra teaching. Train the mand in one tight context, then probe new ones before you add more lessons. If the sign shows up and problem behavior stays low, you are done. If not, you know exactly where to add practice.
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After the child masters the FCT response in the original context, test it in one new setting before adding more teaching.
02At a glance
03Original abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the generalization of mands during functional communication training (FCT) and sign language training across functional contexts (i.e., positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement). A secondary purpose was to evaluate a training procedure based on stimulus control to teach manual signs. During the treatment evaluation, we implemented sign language training in 1 functional context (e.g., positive reinforcement by attention) while continuing the functional analysis conditions in 2 other contexts (e.g., positive reinforcement by tangible item; negative reinforcement by escape). During the generalization evaluation, we tested for the generalization of trained mands across functional contexts (i.e., positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement) by implementing extinction in the 2 nontarget contexts. The results suggested that the stimulus control training procedure effectively taught manual signs and treated destructive behavior. Specific patterns of generalization of trained mands and destructive behavior also were observed.
Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2013 · doi:10.1002/jaba.37