Stakeholder Perspectives on Physical Activity in Youth With Developmental Disabilities: A Mixed Methods Study.
Youth with DD want easy, inclusive play, but affordable adult programs vanish after high school.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Sudha et al. (2025) asked kids, parents, teachers, and coaches what makes physical activity fun or hard for youth with developmental disabilities.
The team used mixed methods: short surveys plus open-ended interviews. They did not test a new sport or workout.
What they found
Everyone agreed: keep it fun, easy, and with typical peers. No trophies, no timed races.
After high school, families hit a wall. Programs cost too much, buildings lack ramps or buses, and staff rarely know how to support adults with DD.
How this fits with other research
The wish list matches what works. de Leeuw et al. (2024) ran low-pressure twice-weekly running inside a middle-school classroom and saw fitness and mood gains. Gandhi et al. (2022) built DSFit, a community game-based group, and proved it is doable for teens with Down syndrome.
Yet the gap is real. Maine et al. (2020) reviewed 16 health-promotion studies for young adults with IDD and found most recruit through schools; once diplomas are handed out, the pipeline dries up. Shields et al. (2013) showed student-led gym sessions can keep adults with DS active, but such sites are rare.
Channell et al. (2023) and Whitehouse et al. (2014) echo the same story in jobs and daily life: after exit, services shrink and parents scramble. The barrier list in Sudha et al. (2025) is not new, but it is still standing.
Why it matters
You already write social-skill goals and leisure plans. Add one line: “Client will attend one fun, non-competitive community movement session per week.” Ask local parks, YMCAs, or college kinesiology programs to co-run it. Bring a peer buddy, keep scores invisible, and train staff on simple visuals. You will turn stakeholder wishes into scheduled reality.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
We explored factors associated with physical activity (PA) engagement in youth with developmental disabilities (DD) as they transition out of school. We conducted focus group discussions with 44 youth, families, special educators, and therapists to obtain information on PA levels, barriers to being active, and recommendations to improve PA among youth. Youth preferred activities that are fun, not too challenging, noncompetitive, and promoted interactions with neurotypical peers. Families face the burden of sustaining PA in their adult children after school age and experience barriers related to accessibility and affordability of adult-oriented programs, availability of trained personnel, and challenges in balancing multiple work and family-related commitments. Our findings can inform the design of programs to promote PA among youth with DD.
Intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2025 · doi:10.1352/1934-9556-63.2.120