Practitioner Development

William Nathan Schoenfeld (1915-1996): innovative scientist, inspiring teacher, relentless questioner, complicated man.

Hearst (1997) · Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 1997
★ The Verdict

Ask hard questions, collect data, and adjust—Schoenfeld’s rule still drives better outcomes today.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who train staff or caregivers and want rock-solid procedural integrity.
✗ Skip if Clinicians looking for a new intervention protocol—this is a story, not a how-to.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

This paper is a memorial tribute to William N. Schoenfeld. It tells the story of a man who helped build behavior analysis from the ground up.

The author paints a picture of Schoenfeld as a teacher who never stopped asking hard questions. He pushed students to think like scientists every day.

02

What they found

Schoenfeld’s biggest gift was his endless curiosity. He treated every client, student, and data point as a puzzle to solve.

His classes were famous for one simple rule: prove it. Students had to show, with data, why they believed anything.

03

How this fits with other research

Bennett et al. (1973) and Lowe et al. (1974) show the kind of tight single-case work Schoenfeld demanded. Those studies rotate trainers and use sitting as reinforcement—exactly the creative, data-driven moves he taught.

Jenkins et al. (2016) updates his teacher side. They prove one rehearsal plus feedback is enough for staff to run functional analyses with near-perfect integrity. It is the modern, faster version of Schoenfeld’s “prove it” standard.

Gilroy et al. (2022) sounds like bad news: caregivers still pick fad treatments over parent training. Yet this clash pushes us toward Schoenfeld’s real goal—use data on consumer demand, not just lab data, to win the field.

04

Why it matters

Schoenfeld’s legacy is a daily habit: ask, test, revise. When you write a program, run one quick probe first. When a caregiver wants a non-science option, show the data on what actually works. Keep the question alive.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Add one probe trial before each new program and graph the result with your team.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
narrative review
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

The scientific and academic contributions of the late William N. Schoenfeld (1915–1996) are large and, together with his personal qualities as a researcher, thinker, and teacher, supply the themes for this memorial essay on his work and life.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 1997 · doi:10.1901/jeab.1997.67-1