Autism & Developmental

A Transdiagnostic Comparison of Mindfulness and Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children With Autism, Developmental Delay, and Fragile X Syndrome.

Benjamin et al. (2025) · American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities 2025
★ The Verdict

Mindful parenting barely softens daily hassles for autism moms, so add skill-based training to your parent support plan.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running parent training for families with young children with ASD.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only adults with ASD or typically-developing children.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team asked 243 moms to fill out three short forms. Each mom had one child with autism, developmental delay, or Fragile X.

The forms measured trait mindfulness, mindful parenting, and daily parenting hassles. No one got an intervention; it was a one-time survey.

02

What they found

All three groups scored the same on trait mindfulness and daily hassles.

FXS moms scored highest on mindful parenting. Yet for autism moms, mindful parenting barely softened daily hassles.

03

How this fits with other research

Dai et al. (2025) extends this picture. Their hospital-home DTT program cut parenting stress for autism moms in half. The survey shows the need; the RCT shows a fix.

Shepherd et al. (2018) found advocacy tasks stress autism parents most. R et al. add that even when these moms try to stay mindful, the buffer is weak.

Fahmie et al. (2013) taught mindfulness to high-functioning adults with autism and saw mood gains. R et al. flip the lens: when the child has autism, mom’s own mindful parenting helps less than it does for DD or FXS moms.

04

Why it matters

If you coach autism families, don’t assume mindful parenting alone will lower stress. Pair mindfulness tools with skill-based parent training like DTT. Check if advocacy tasks are eating up the mom’s bandwidth, and give concrete scripts or systems instead of more breathing exercises.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Start each parent meeting by asking which advocacy task felt heaviest this week, then give a ready-to-use script or visual before any mindfulness cue.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
survey
Sample size
353
Population
autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, other
Finding
null

03Original abstract

This study compared mindfulness and parenting daily hassles (PDH) among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay (DD), and Fragile X syndrome (FXS), and explored diagnostic group as a moderator of the relationship between mindfulness and PDH. Mothers of children with ASD (n = 166), DD (n = 113), and FXS (n = 74) completed measures of PDH, trait mindfulness, and mindful parenting. Mothers reported comparable levels of trait mindfulness and PDH, but the FXS group (versus ASD and DD) reported higher levels of mindful parenting. The mindful parenting/PDH relationship was negative for all groups but weaker for mothers of children with ASD (versus DD and FXS). Implications for research and practice are discussed.

American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2025 · doi:10.1352/1944-7558-130.4.249