Assessment & Research

The symbolic and object play of children with autism: a review.

Wulff (1985) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 1985
★ The Verdict

Play is a solid assessment and teaching target for autistic children, yet past studies often lumped diagnoses and skipped severity—treat play data with caution.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who assess or teach play skills in preschool or early-elementary settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians only serving verbal teens or adults where play is not a goal.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Pratt (1985) read every paper on play in children with autism. The author wrote a story-style review. No new data were collected. The goal was to see if play could guide assessment or teaching.

02

What they found

Very little good work existed. Most studies mixed different diagnoses. Severity levels were ignored. Still, play looked like a useful window into social and thinking skills.

03

How this fits with other research

Williams (2003) updated the same question 18 years later and agreed: we still lack fine-grained data.

Dominguez et al. (2006) ran an experiment and showed large, real play differences. Their data backed the early hunch.

Lewis (2003) narrowed the lens. That review found no strong link between play gains and language gains. So play is worth targeting, but don’t expect it to spill over into talking.

04

Why it matters

Use play as an assessment tool, but check diagnosis and severity first. Pick toys the child already likes. Track play and language separately. If you coach parents or peers, teach them to expand the child’s act instead of taking over.

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Start each session by offering two toys the child touched last time and score if the play act is functional, symbolic, or absent for five minutes.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
narrative review
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

The unique characteristics of autistic children's symbolic and object play are presented and discussed in the context of a literature review covering research since 1964. Several theoretical issues are highlighted: the relationship of play in facilitating language and cognition, play as an intervention, and play as an assessment tool. Difficulties in research methodology due to pooling autistic and schizophrenic subject are raised, as well as possible difficulties inherent in ignoring severity levels within the autistic population. The appropriateness of play therapy is questioned, and evidence is presented to provide encouragement for further inquiry into the study of autistic play.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 1985 · doi:10.1007/BF01531600