School & Classroom

Using a Group Stimulus Preference Assessment to Design an Effective Group Contingency

Fluharty et al. (2024) · Behavior Analysis in Practice 2024
★ The Verdict

Let the class vote for their favorite prize in a quick paired show-of-hands, then use that high-p item in your group contingency to double class preparedness.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running group contingencies in middle-school classrooms.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working only one-to-one or in non-school settings.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Fluharty and team worked with a middle-school class of the students.

They ran a 5-minute group paired-stimulus preference test.

Kids voted by raising hands to pick the class-wide reward.

Then they compared two group contingencies: one with the top-voted (high-p) prize and one with the least-voted (low-p) prize.

Class preparedness was tracked across alternating days.

02

What they found

High-p reward days doubled class preparedness.

Students also said they felt more motivated on those days.

Low-p reward days barely moved the needle.

The quick group vote picked winners that actually worked.

03

How this fits with other research

Duker et al. (1996) first showed that top items from a short choice test reliably work as reinforcers. Fluharty extends that idea from one kid to an entire classroom.

Asaro et al. (2023) also used alternating days to test group contingencies, but they compared team vs teacher-set rules. Fluharty keeps the interdependent structure and swaps in high-p vs low-p prizes instead.

Sheridan et al. (2024) validated a new preference tool with adults. Fluharty’s group hand-raise method is another new format, and it also lines up with later reinforcer success.

Matson et al. (2013) found unfamiliar toys can still be powerful for preschoolers with autism. Fluharty’s class sometimes picked new rewards, yet those items still boosted work output, echoing the same open-minded selection message.

04

Why it matters

You can run the whole process in under ten minutes.

Ask the class to pick between two prizes, tally the votes, and use the winner as the daily group reward.

No individual interviews, no fancy materials.

If the prize stops working, just re-vote.

Middle-schoolers stay prepared and you get smoother lesson starts.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Run a 5-minute paired-stimulus vote to pick the day’s class reward and tie it to a preparedness goal.

02At a glance

Intervention
group contingencies
Design
alternating treatments
Sample size
20
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

The purpose of this study was to extend the limited research on group stimulus preference assessment (SPA) procedures. The study occurred in two sections of a middle school special education classroom and included 20 students with multi-categorical disabilities. A paired stimulus group SPA was used to identify a preference hierarchy for each class, and results were validated using single case designs in which baseline conditions were compared to group contingency conditions with alternating sessions of the highest-preferred (high-p) and lowest-preferred (low-p) consequences. Both group contingency conditions increased the percentage of students prepared for class relative to baseline; however, consistently higher levels of students were prepared for class during high-p sessions. Student responses on a daily quiz were similar in both conditions, but social validity surveys indicated students felt the most motivation and enjoyment during high-p sessions. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40617-024-01003-2.

Behavior Analysis in Practice, 2024 · doi:10.1007/s40617-024-01003-2