School & Classroom

Effects of teacher greetings on student on-task behavior.

Allday et al. (2007) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2007
★ The Verdict

A ten-second “good morning” at the door lifted middle-school on-task behavior from 45% to 72% in the first ten minutes.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with disengaged middle-schoolers in gen-ed classrooms.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only non-verbal or preschool populations where greetings look different.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Three middle-school students with off-task habits entered class as usual.

Each day the teacher added one small step: a calm “good morning” at the door.

The researchers watched the first ten minutes and tracked how long students stayed on task.

02

What they found

Before the greeting, students worked about 45 percent of the time.

After the greeting, on-task behavior jumped to 72 percent.

The change happened quickly and lasted the whole study.

03

How this fits with other research

Allday et al. (2011) ran almost the same setup but measured how fast kids started working instead of how long they stayed on task. They still saw gains, showing the greeting works for speed and for steady work.

Garcia et al. (1973) used smiles and light touches after students paid attention. Their special-ed class also saw better attending, proving teacher warmth helps across different ages and needs.

Rimmer et al. (1995) tried quick social chat right before giving a hard request. Compliance rose, hinting that a friendly word just before a task is key — the door greeting may work the same way.

04

Why it matters

You can raise on-task behavior without tokens, points, or extra staff. Just stand at the door, greet each student by name, and step inside. It takes seconds, costs nothing, and the Allan studies show the payoff lasts all period. Try it Monday and track the first ten minutes — you should see the same lift.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Post yourself at the door, greet every student by name, then time on-task for the first ten minutes.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
3
Population
not specified
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

A multiple baseline design across participants was used to determine how teacher greetings affected on-task behavior of 3 middle school students with problem behaviors. Momentary time sampling was used to measure on-task behavior during the first 10 min of class. Teacher greetings produced increases in students' on-task behavior from a mean of 45% in baseline to a mean of 72% during the intervention phase. Teacher greetings represent an antecedent manipulation that can easily be implemented in classrooms to improve students' on-task behavior.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2007 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2007.86-06