Effects of teacher greetings on student on-task behavior.
A ten-second “good morning” at the door lifted middle-school on-task behavior from 45% to 72% in the first ten minutes.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Three middle-school students with off-task habits entered class as usual.
Each day the teacher added one small step: a calm “good morning” at the door.
The researchers watched the first ten minutes and tracked how long students stayed on task.
What they found
Before the greeting, students worked about 45 percent of the time.
After the greeting, on-task behavior jumped to 72 percent.
The change happened quickly and lasted the whole study.
How this fits with other research
Allday et al. (2011) ran almost the same setup but measured how fast kids started working instead of how long they stayed on task. They still saw gains, showing the greeting works for speed and for steady work.
Garcia et al. (1973) used smiles and light touches after students paid attention. Their special-ed class also saw better attending, proving teacher warmth helps across different ages and needs.
Rimmer et al. (1995) tried quick social chat right before giving a hard request. Compliance rose, hinting that a friendly word just before a task is key — the door greeting may work the same way.
Why it matters
You can raise on-task behavior without tokens, points, or extra staff. Just stand at the door, greet each student by name, and step inside. It takes seconds, costs nothing, and the Allan studies show the payoff lasts all period. Try it Monday and track the first ten minutes — you should see the same lift.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
A multiple baseline design across participants was used to determine how teacher greetings affected on-task behavior of 3 middle school students with problem behaviors. Momentary time sampling was used to measure on-task behavior during the first 10 min of class. Teacher greetings produced increases in students' on-task behavior from a mean of 45% in baseline to a mean of 72% during the intervention phase. Teacher greetings represent an antecedent manipulation that can easily be implemented in classrooms to improve students' on-task behavior.
Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2007 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2007.86-06