Practitioner Development

Science and Human Behavior: a tutorial in behavior analysis.

Michael (2003) · Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 2003
★ The Verdict

Skinner’s 1953 book is still the quickest field guide for any behavior you meet.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who train staff or tackle complex cases.
✗ Skip if RBTs who only run discrete trial protocols and never write plans.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Michael (2003) wrote a short tutorial. He walked readers through Skinner’s 1953 book Science and Human Behavior. He picked out the key maxims most people forget.

The paper is not an experiment. It is a guided tour of old ideas that still work.

02

What they found

The book is still the fastest way to interpret any behavior. A handful of core principles cover almost every case.

Jack lists the maxims you can say to yourself in the moment: “What is the reinforcer?” “What is the EO?” “Is this operant or respondent?”

03

How this fits with other research

Wixted (2008) takes the same stance and pushes it further. He says JEAB should only publish papers framed in Skinnerian terms. The 2003 tutorial teaches the stance; the 2008 paper tries to make it editorial policy.

Abbott (2013) repeats the spirit but targets 1945 instead of 1953. Both papers say: stop arguing about definitions, study the contingencies that control how we talk.

Gilmore et al. (2022) and Becker et al. (2022) extend the ideas to new arenas. Rose uses mand-tact-intraverbal analysis to fight racist statements in court systems. Becker uses the same tools to rethink aphasia rehab. The old book gives the map; these papers drive it into fresh territory.

Scibak (2025) is the newest offshoot. It treats voting as operant behavior and asks BCBAs to shape public policy. Again, the 1953 book supplies the lens; Scibak points it at the ballot box.

04

Why it matters

You already own the book. Keep it open during supervision. When a case feels messy, flip to the maxims Jack lists. One short sentence from Skinner can cut through ten pages of mentalistic talk.

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Pick one case, open Science and Human Behavior to page 1, and answer Jack’s three guiding questions before you write the next plan.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
theoretical
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

B. F. Skinner's Science and Human Behavior (1953) became the main source of my understanding of behavior during my first semester as a college professor in 1955 at Kansas University. It has continued to exert a major influence throughout my career as the basis for a completely deterministic science of behavior, as a handbook to be consulted as a first step in dealing with any issue in behavior analysis, and as a tutorial in behavioral interpretive analysis--in the use of a small number of behavioral concepts and principles to understand behavior of all degrees of complexity. I describe four general interpretive orientations or maxims that are of broad significance for behavior analysis, and also two underappreciated major theoretical contributions.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 2003 · doi:10.1901/jeab.2003.80-321