Autism & Developmental

Infant Achievements Intervention Improves Caregiver Implementation Fidelity and Infant Social Communication Outcomes: A Preliminary Randomized Clinical Trial.

Landa et al. (2025) · Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research 2025
★ The Verdict

Eight weekly home visits teaching parents NDBI moves lift infant joint attention and keep parent fidelity high two months later.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving babies with social-communication delays through Part C or home-based EI programs.
✗ Skip if Clinicians whose caseloads are only school-age or strictly clinic-based.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers tested an eight-week home program called Infant Achievements. Caregivers of babies with social-communication delays got weekly coaching in naturalistic ABA strategies.

Families were split into two groups. One group received coaching; the other only read about child development. The team checked if parents used the strategies correctly and if baby joint-attention skills grew.

02

What they found

The coached parents scored higher on fidelity right after training and kept the skill eight weeks later. Their babies looked, pointed, and shared toys more often than babies in the read-only group.

Extra gains showed up in early thinking and speech scores, even though the program never drilled those skills.

03

How this fits with other research

The result lines up with Bao et al. (2017), who also saw big joint-attention gains when parents used the Social ABCs script at home. Both studies show live caregiver coaching beats book learning.

It extends Dababnah et al. (2025), an online parent program that produced only small child gains. Meeting face-to-face with an infant may amplify the effect.

It challenges Zheng et al. (2020). That team used a robot to teach joint attention to toddlers and found no group benefit. Human coaches working with babies, not robots with older kids, appear key.

04

Why it matters

You now have an eight-week playbook that fits early-intervention visits. Train caregivers in simple NDBI moves like responding to eye shifts and sounds. Track fidelity each week; the study shows it stays high. Babies under one year can show clear social growth before most clinics even start intensive therapy, giving families a head start while they wait for full ABA slots.

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Pick one family with a baby under 12 months, add a five-minute fidelity check at the start of each visit, and praise each correct parent response you see.

02At a glance

Intervention
parent training
Design
randomized controlled trial
Sample size
38
Population
developmental delay
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

UNLABELLED: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on idiopathic social communication delay (SCD) in the first year of life are rare. We preliminarily tested the efficacy of an 8-week caregiver-implemented intervention for infants with idiopathic SCD. Infants (8-12 months) with SCD were block-randomized with caregivers to the Infant Achievements (IA) (n = 18) or Caregiver Education (CE) (n = 20) group in this assessor-masked RCT. Assessments were completed at baseline, post-intervention, and 8-week follow-up. IA caregivers received reflective, home-based coaching to implement naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention (NDBI) strategies. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: masked ratings of caregiver implementation fidelity, frequency of infant initiation of joint attention (IJA), and percent of coordination of joint engagement (CJE). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: masked researcher-administered and scored Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) language and Visual Reception scaled scores; nonmasked caregiver-reported Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Caregiver Questionnaire (CSBS CQ) Social, Speech, and Symbolic composite scores and McArthur-Bates Communication Development Inventories Words Understood and Produced scores. Prespecified analyses followed an intent-to-treat approach using Generalized Linear Mixed Models for non-normally distributed outcomes and linear mixed-effects models for those with normal distributions. Significant group by time effects favored the IA group relative to the CE group on all primary outcomes at post-intervention (p's ≤ 0.001), and for caregiver fidelity and IJA, at follow-up (≤ 0.03). Significant IA intervention effects were detected on secondary outcomes of nonverbal cognition (MSEL Visual Reception) and CSBS CQ Speech composite at post-intervention (< 0.01) and follow-up (≤ 0.02). IA equips caregivers to learn and generalize the implementation of child-responsive NDBI strategies and propels pre-linguistic social communication advances in SCD infants. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03404505.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 2025 · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-87458-6_11