Assessment & Research

A statewide survey assessing practitioners' use and perceived utility of functional assessment.

Roscoe et al. (2015) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2015
★ The Verdict

Massachusetts BCBAs value functional analysis but still write plans from descriptive data.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who write behavior plans in schools or clinics.
✗ Skip if Researchers looking for new assessment methods.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Perez et al. (2015) emailed a short survey to every licensed behavior analyst in Massachusetts. They asked which tools the person used to find why problem behavior happens. The list included ABC checklists, interviews, and full functional analysis.

Two hundred thirty-three BCBAs answered. Most worked with kids who have developmental delays. The survey took about five minutes.

02

What they found

Descriptive assessment won the popularity contest. Almost every respondent said they use it.

Yet 68 % called functional analysis the "most useful" method. Only 35 % run one regularly. Cost, time, and staff skill were the top brakes.

03

How this fits with other research

Detrich et al. (2025) call this gap proof that ABA needs an eighth dimension: real-world adoption. They use the same numbers to argue plans should start with "how will we sell this?" not just "does it work?"

Saloner et al. (2019) show state policy can flip use fast. After Kansas forced insurance to pay, kids with autism used twice as many outpatient hours. The low FA use in M et al. may be more about pay and policy than science.

Meuret et al. (2001) found the same pattern in Scottish teachers. Staff who never tried inclusion feared it; those who did, loved it. The Massachusetts data echo: BCBAs know FA is gold but stick with what they have done before.

04

Why it matters

You already own the best assessment tool. If you are not using it, list the barriers in your setting. Can you shorten the FA to 15 minutes? Can you bill it under a different code? Start with one client next week. Run a brief alone-play-social sequence during an existing session. One success will build your team's confidence and give you the data insurance wants to see.

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Pick one client and run a 10-minute functional analysis instead of an ABC checklist.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
survey
Sample size
205
Population
developmental delay
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

The field of applied behavior analysis emphasizes the importance of conducting functional assessment before treatment development for problem behavior. There is, however, little information regarding the extent to which practitioners are using functional assessment in applied settings for individuals with developmental disabilities (DD). The purpose of the current study was to conduct a survey to assess the degree to which various types of functional assessment are implemented in agencies that serve individuals with DD in Massachusetts. Practitioners were asked to indicate their perception about and use of the various categories of functional assessment (e.g., indirect assessment, descriptive assessment, and functional analysis). From the 205 respondents who completed the survey, the most frequently used functional assessment was descriptive assessment. Results indicated that although the majority (67.8%) of practitioners believe functional analysis to be the most informative assessment tool for selecting behavioral treatment, only 34.6% of respondents indicated that they typically use functional analysis to inform the development of a behavior plan.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2015 · doi:10.1002/jaba.259