Service Delivery

Behavioral technology for reducing occupational exposures to styrene.

Hopkins et al. (1986) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1986
★ The Verdict

A 20-minute BST package of nine work habits slashed toxic styrene levels for plastics workers.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing safety programs in factories, labs, or any job with chemical fumes.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only work with kids in clinics or schools.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Odom et al. (1986) taught four plastics workers nine simple work habits. The habits cut the chemical styrene in the air they breathed.

Trainers used a short BST script: show the skill, practice, give feedback. They tracked air samples before and after each shift.

02

What they found

After the brief training, airborne styrene dropped fast for the three workers who had the highest exposure. The fourth worker already had low levels.

The changes were big and showed up right away. No new machines or masks were added.

03

How this fits with other research

Hays et al. (2021) later used the same feedback model to boost hand-washing in a hospital. It extends the idea: quick feedback beats more lectures, even in health care.

Cruz et al. (2019) used a safety checklist to pick prompting for hand-washing staff. Like L et al., they let a simple job-aid choose the fix, not guesswork.

Desrochers et al. (2017) tried self-management for college energy saving. Their gains were small and self-reported. L et al. shows direct training gives bigger, measured change in industrial settings.

04

Why it matters

You can cut serious chemical exposure with a 20-minute BST session and a clear list of behaviors. No need to buy new gear. Try filming a short model, have staff practice, and post the daily air readout as feedback. It worked in 1986 and still works for any safety skill you need to teach today.

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Pick one risky staff habit, film a 30-second model, and add a daily feedback chart.

02At a glance

Intervention
behavioral skills training
Design
single case other
Sample size
4
Population
neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

We conducted a test of the usefulness of behavioral methods to control occupational health problems by reducing workers' exposures to toxic chemicals. Four plastics workers were trained in nine behaviors selected for potential to reduce their exposures to styrene, a common chemical with multiple toxic effects. Behavioral measures indicated that the workers quickly came to emit most of the behaviors. Measures of air samples indicated that large decreases in exposures to styrene accompanied the changes in behaviors for the three workers who had been selected because they most needed relief from their exposures and because they had opportunities to control their exposures by the ways they behaved.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1986 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1986.19-3